Perceptions of Nurse-Midwives of Their Residency Training and Professional Practice

Abstract

Mouta RJO, Prata JA. Percepções das enfermeiras obstetras sobre sua formação na modalidade de residência e prática profissional. REME -Rev Min Enferm. 2018 [citado em ];22:e-1107. Disponível em: DOI: 10.5935/1415DOI: 10.5935/ -2762 RESUMO Este estudo objetivou descrever as percepções das enfermeiras obstetras sobre a formação na modalidade de residência e suas interfaces com a prática profissional. Trata-se de pesquisa qualitativa, que entrevistou 25 enfermeiras obstetras qualificadas em curso de especialização na modalidade de residência. A técnica da análise temática foi aplicada para análise das entrevistas semiestruturadas. Os resultados mostraram que as enfermeiras obstetras têm percepção positiva sobre sua formação em programa de residência, mas mencionam contradições entre o enfoque no cuidado humanizado do ensino teórico e a persistência do modelo medicalizado nos cenários do ensino em serviço. Quanto à atuação profissional na área, as enfermeiras destacam a facilidade no uso das tecnologias de cuidados e os obstáculos decorrentes dos conflitos profissionais, do baixo reconhecimento e da sobrecarga de trabalho. Concluiu-se que a modalidade de residência promove segurança para o exercício da especialidade, mas as restrições identificadas impõem desafios para a qualificação e prática profissional, ressaltando a necessidade de adequação do programa de ensino com vistas à formação de especialistas com atitudes capazes de enfrentar e superar tais desafios. Palavras-chave: Enfermagem Obstetra; Educação em Enfermagem; Prática Profissional. ABSTR ACT This study aimed at describing the perceptions of nurse-midwives of their training in the residency modality and its interfaces with the professional practice. This is a qualitative research conducted with twenty-five nurse-midwives qualified in the residency specialization course. To analyze the semi-structured interviews, the thematic analysis technique was applied. The results showed that nurse-midwives have a positive perception of their training in a residency program, but they mention contradictions between the theoretical teaching focus on

A formação na modalidade residência em enfermagem obstétrica: uma análise hermenêutico-dialética

“…Humanized care makes it possible to articulate scientific and technical quality with an ethical stance of respect for the need and uniqueness of each person of care in action. 5 In this context, it is possible to analyze that some nurses, despite characterizing certain content as a gap, highlighted the gender and humanization approach emphasized in training. These approaches configure the specificity of this modality for training, which goes beyond the technical aspects and transcends the focus on the attitudes of a conscious and committed practice of knowledge and doing.…”

“…Such a situation can result in a greater number of damages in relation to benefits, favoring the high rates of cesarean sections in the country 3 , since their possible discomforts and adverse effects are disregarded in the decision-making process about the type of delivery. 4 In view of the above, the Ministries of Health and Education published normative documents in order to institute policies and programs to qualify obstetric care, encourage normal birth and female protagonism, stimulating the performance of obstetric nurses 5 . Within the scope of these actions and the policy of reorienting health workers -especially for the strategic areas of the UHS -, in 2012 the Ministry of Health promoted the training of obstetric nurses through the creation of the Programa Nacional de Residência em Enfermagem Obstétrica -PRONAENF (National Residency Program in Obstetric Nursing, in free translation), in partnership with the Ministry of Education and Culture (MEC).…”

“…PRONAENF aims to train specialists in the residency modality, to work in women's health care in the processes of reproductive health, prenatal care, childbirth and birth, the puerperium and the family, guided by the health policies in force in the UHS. 5 The residency modality is characterized by training through work as a teaching-learning strategy, and aims to train health professionals with a view to overcoming the segmentation of knowledge and care in health care. The motivations for its creation are related to health policies that attempt to modify the medicalized obstetric model in services, for the institution of humanized care, the encouragement of normal childbirth and better quality indicators in maternal and neonatal care 5 .…”

“…5 The residency modality is characterized by training through work as a teaching-learning strategy, and aims to train health professionals with a view to overcoming the segmentation of knowledge and care in health care. The motivations for its creation are related to health policies that attempt to modify the medicalized obstetric model in services, for the institution of humanized care, the encouragement of normal childbirth and better quality indicators in maternal and neonatal care 5 . Therefore, the training of the obstetric nurse in this modality seeks to contemplate the technical-scientific recommendations for the promotion of humanized care, and the training of professionals attentive to the rights to health and the needs of the clientele 1 .…”

Trajectories of obstetric nurses in the care of planned home childbirth: oral history

“…(EO13) Since 2013, the Sofia Feldman Hospital is the only one in Brazil offering planned home childbirth within the SUS, and the residency in Obstetric Nursing of the institution enabled the participant to contact this type of assistance, contributing to her decision to work in this area. Residency programs involve in-service training as a teaching-learning strategy, aiming at preparing professionals to overcome knowledge and care segmentation in health care and to meet the guidelines of the health policies that seek to change the technocratic approach of childbirth to implement humanized care actions, encourage vaginal delivery, and increase the quality indicators in maternal and neonatal care (13) .…”