Perceptions of inequality and social mobility in Mexico

Campos-Vázquez, Raymundo M.; Krozer, Alice; Ramírez-Álvarez, Aurora A.; Torre, Rodolfo de la; Vélez-Grajales, Roberto

doi:10.1016/j.worlddev.2021.105778

Cited by 12 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…Several participants mentioned higher rates-frequently between 30 and 40%-to underscore that inheritance tax design does not correspond with Chilean reality. The overestimation of tax rates by the wealthy has also been found in Mexico, as part of a deterrence strategy (Campos-Vásquez et al, 2020). Although the 25% rate at the top is among the higher ones in Latin America, it is similar to countries such as Nicaragua, Greece, or Ireland and less than 50% of that in Japan or France, depending on the degree of the heir's proximity or whether the tax includes donations.…”

Section: Economic Shortcomingsmentioning

confidence: 86%

The Merit of Ascription? Economic Elite Perceptions of Inheritance Taxation

Atria

2022

Soc Just Res

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Inheritance represents a conflict between the individual and society. On one hand, the intergenerational transmission of resources favors the reproduction of privilege. On the other hand, contemporary individualization processes prioritize individual achievement. This paper addresses this conflict through a sociological approach by analyzing perceptions of inheritance taxation based on 32 in-depth interviews with members of the economic elite in Chile. Findings show that the principle of individual freedom in decisions regarding resource use prevails over the redistributive function that controls inheritance and favors personal attainment. In addition, a negative view of inheritance prevails, which is sustained by three major repertoires of evaluation emphasizing its inefficiency, ineffectiveness, economic inconvenience, and lack of foundation, as its purpose or utility is unknown. This last argument is surprising because it does not reject this tax for its design or application; rather, it confronts some crucial ideas with which it is usually linked, namely opportunity levelling at the beginning of a new generation and redistribution of privilege.

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Section: Economic Shortcomingsmentioning

confidence: 86%

The Merit of Ascription? Economic Elite Perceptions of Inheritance Taxation

Atria

2022

Soc Just Res

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“…Dentro del fenómeno económico observado, persisten problemas recurrentes, como el coeficiente Gini, que sigue en umbrales superiores al 0.50 (Lustig, 2018;Campos-Vazquez et al, 2022), situación que pone de manifiesto una alta desigualdad social que genera interrogantes frente al presunto éxito de la política económica. Por otra parte, en materia de desarrollo social, al observar los resultados de la medición del IDH, según los resultados publicados por el PNUD (2019), Colombia en 2018 ocupó el lugar 95 entre 188 economías; lo cual es resultado poco alentador frente a logros tan importantes como la educación y salud.…”

Section: Fundamentación Teóricaunclassified

Factores de movilidad social en un sector rural de Colombia

2023

RCS

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The article presents the study on intragenerational social mobility, as a phenomenon that draws the quality of life, in the transition from one socioeconomic position to another and that offers an overview of understanding of poverty, condition to reduce inequality gaps. As an objective, it is proposed to investigate the relationship between factors such as work activity, academic training and economic income, as indicators of intragenerational social mobility. A correlational study was carried out in 2019, in Pichinde, corregimiento of the District of Santiago de Cali, Department of Valle del Cauca, Colombia; with a representative sample of 89 families. A linear regression model was applied between the variables that, based on the Pearson coefficient (R), coefficient of determination (R square) and the Durvin-Watson test, allow to verify independence from error. The results show the non-correlation between the different study variables, concluding that poverty conditions underlie multiple factors and where intra-generational social mobility is influenced by variables not associated with the relationship between work activity, academic training and economic income.

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“…However, the public outcry over top executives' pay [23] and the increasing level of wage inequity manifesting through organized employee actions suggest that top earners remain one of the key benchmarks when assessing the degree of perceived salary gap in the corporate sector. In fact, in survey studies [24,25], people tend to overestimate the share of income going to the top earners possibly because of the perceived growing wage gap. The negative publicity of extreme wage disparities may be partially assuaged through non-disclosure of wages [26]; however, information leakages and reports by non-governmental agencies eventually bring the disparities to light.…”

Section: Literature Review and Research Questionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Driver of Workplace Alienation or the Cost of Effective Stewardship? The Consequences of Wage Gap for Corporate Performance

Osiichuk

2022

Sustainability

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Relying on cross-country panel data, the paper investigates the possible repercussions of salary gap for employee productivity and corporate financial performance. Our empirical findings corroborate the presence of a negative tail effect of wage gap on productivity and employee morale. While worsening employee turnover and productivity, and increasing the chances of workplace controversies, high salary gap is found to be associated with a more efficient cost structure and higher profitability. Our evidence suggests that extreme salary gap may be curbed by targeted internal policies favoring internal promotion and career development, unionization, employee and managerial training. The composition of the board’s remuneration committee appears to play but a minor role in shaping the scale of salary gap. The results of the study are in line with equity aversion theory and suggest that extreme wage inequality may impede firms’ growth with spillover effects observable at the macro-level. Targeted policies may be necessary to counter the negative repercussions of high compensation disparities as within-firm mechanisms appear insufficient to mitigate them.

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Perceptions of inequality and social mobility in Mexico

Cited by 12 publications

References 70 publications

The Merit of Ascription? Economic Elite Perceptions of Inheritance Taxation

The Merit of Ascription? Economic Elite Perceptions of Inheritance Taxation

Factores de movilidad social en un sector rural de Colombia

The Driver of Workplace Alienation or the Cost of Effective Stewardship? The Consequences of Wage Gap for Corporate Performance

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