Peptide Self-Assembly into Hydrogels for Biomedical Applications Related to Hydroxyapatite

Abstract

Amphiphilic peptides can be self-assembled by establishing physical cross-links involving hydrogen bonds and electrostatic interactions with divalent ions. The derived hydrogels have promising properties due to their biocompatibility, reversibility, trigger capability, and tunability. Peptide hydrogels can mimic the extracellular matrix and favor the growth of hydroxyapatite (HAp) as well as its encapsulation. Newly designed materials offer great perspectives for applications in the regeneration of hard tissues such as bones, teeth, and cartilage. Furthermore, development of drug delivery systems based on HAp and peptide self-assembly is attracting attention.

Human Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells-Incorporated Silk Fibroin as a Potential Bio-Scaffold in Guiding Bone Regeneration

“…The band at 1642 cm −1 in the SF solution was remarkably observed to shift to 1619 cm −1 in the SF scaffold, representing the transition of random coil to β-sheet formation, as the lyophilization process and ethanol treatment increase the crystallinity and diminish the water solubility of the treated samples [27,28]. In addition to favorable mechanical properties, this transition makes SF more attractive as a biomaterial for BTE because the β-sheet structure can also act as a nucleating site to promote mineralization and cell adhesion capabilities [14,29]. A scaffold is a temporary 3D platform designed to mimic the ECM for guiding the healing process and promoting the regeneration of functional bone.…”

Simultaneous incorporation of PTH(1–34) and nano-hydroxyapatite into Chitosan/Alginate Hydrogels for efficient bone regeneration

“…In addition, hydroxyapatite (HAP), a calcium phosphate bioceramic, is an essential component for bone regeneration [ [31] , [32] , [33] , [34] ]. Combining HAP with hydrogels enables emulation of the natural structures of bone and promotes bone regeneration [ [35] , [36] , [37] ]. The intrinsic mechanical properties of HAP and its interaction with bone tissues are intimately dependent on the size of HAP.…”

Ultrashort Peptide Self-Assembly: Front-Runners to Transport Drug and Gene Cargos

“…The attempts have also been made to design peptide-based supramolecular hydrogels for protein drug delivery and gene therapy (Li Y. et al, 2016;Youngblood et al, 2018). The incorporation of non-viral vectors within hydrogels to promote tissue regeneration is another challenging area (Rivas et al, 2019). A photo-cross-linking strategy, based on the ruthenium-complex-catalyzed conversion of tyrosine to dityrosine, to enhance the mechanical stability of nanofibers by 104-fold with a storage modulus of ∼100 kPa (perhaps, one of the highest reported so far among the small peptide hydrogels), with potential to be used in tissue engineering and controlled drug release has been reported by Ding et al (2013).…”