Penn/VA center for studies of addiction

O’Brien, Charles P.; McLellan, A. Thomas; Childress, Anna Rose; Woody, George

doi:10.1016/j.neuropharm.2008.06.030

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Indeed, conditioned withdrawal is such a strong force in drug addiction, it was one of the earliest factors noted by the medical community (Wikler, 1973) and continues to be considered a critical feature in addiction by today’s leading psychiatrists (O'Brien et al, 2009). …”

Section: 1 Conditioned Withdrawalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tales from the dark side: Do neuromodulators of drug withdrawal require changes in endocannabinoid tone?

Oleson

Cachope

Fitoussi

et al. 2014

Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry

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Environmental and interoceptive cues are theorized to serve as ‘signals’ that motivate drug seeking, effects that may be augmented in the withdrawn state. Phasic dopamine release events are observed in the nucleus accumbens in response to such motivational salient stimuli and are thought to be necessary for drug-associated cues to trigger craving. We recently demonstrated how dopamine neurons encode stimuli conditioned to a negative event, as might occur during conditioned withdrawal, and stimuli predicting the avoidance of negative events, as might occur as an addict seeks out drugs to prevent withdrawal. In this review we first discuss how the subsecond dopamine release events might process conditioned withdrawal and drug seeking driven by negative reinforcement processes within the context of our dopamine data obtained during conditioned avoidance procedures. We next describe how the endocannabinoid system modulates phasic dopamine release events and how it might be harnessed to treat negative affective states in addiction. Specifically, we have demonstrated that endocannabinoids in the ventral tegmentum sculpt cue-induced accumbal surges in dopamine release and, therefore, may also be mobilized during drug withdrawal.

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Section: 1 Conditioned Withdrawalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tales from the dark side: Do neuromodulators of drug withdrawal require changes in endocannabinoid tone?

Oleson

Cachope

Fitoussi

et al. 2014

Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry

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show abstract

“…Commonly abused substances include alcohol, cannabis, cocaine, and stimulants. Not all clinicians are familiar with the signs and symptoms of substance abuse and dependence and could easily mistake them as evidence of a mood disorder [ 15 ] because of their effect on mood and behavior. Substance intoxication or withdrawal symptoms may present as symptoms of mania or depression, respectively, thereby misleading clinicians [ 16 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnostic Disagreements in Bipolar Disorder: The Role of Substance Abuse Comorbidities

Theodore

Basco

Biggan

2012

Depression Research and Treatment

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Substance abuse can produce symptoms similar to other psychiatric disorders, thus confusing the diagnostic picture. This paper attempts to elucidate how misdiagnosis in bipolar disorder might be explained by the presence of substance abuse comorbidities. The overlap of symptoms, limited information about symptom onset, and inexperienced clinicians can result in the misinterpretation of symptoms of substance abuse disorders for bipolar disorder. The present study found that the presence of a substance abuse comorbidity, the polarity of last episode (depressed, manic, mixed, not otherwise specified), and the total number of comorbidities affected the reliability of a bipolar disorder diagnosis.

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2010

Applied Cognitive and Behavioural Approaches to the Treatment of Addiction

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Penn/VA center for studies of addiction

Cited by 4 publications

References 37 publications

Tales from the dark side: Do neuromodulators of drug withdrawal require changes in endocannabinoid tone?

Tales from the dark side: Do neuromodulators of drug withdrawal require changes in endocannabinoid tone?

Diagnostic Disagreements in Bipolar Disorder: The Role of Substance Abuse Comorbidities

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