Pengaruh Faktor Risiko terhadap Waktu Timbulnya Efek Samping Kanamisin pada Tuberkulosis Resistan Obat

Abstract

Kanamisin adalah obat untuk terapi tuberkulosis resistan obat (TB RO) yang menimbulkan efek samping gangguan pendengaran, gangguan fungsi ginjal, dan gangguan elektrolit terutama hipokalemia. Penelitian bertujuan menilai kesintasan waktu timbulnya efek samping dan pengaruh faktor risiko usia, riwayat terapi streptomisin serta berat badan terhadap efek samping akibat pemberian kanamisin pasien TB RO. Penelitian kohort retrospektif dari data rekam medis pasien TB RO dari Januari 2011 sampai April 2017 di RSUD Dr. Moewardi Surakarta. Analisis pengaruh faktor risiko terhadap efek samping menggunakan uji cox regression. Dari 238 pasien didapatkan gangguan pendengaran 143 pasien, gangguan fungsi ginjal 147 pasien, dan hipokalemia 169 pasien. Usia lebih dari 40 tahun hazard ratio (HR) 2,419

Peran Keluarga Dan Keberhasilan Pengobatan Pada Pasien TB Paru di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Tuban

“…Posisi Indonesia tidak pernah diluar 5 besar sebagai negara dengan insidens terbanyak, bahkan pada dua tahun terakhir yaitu tahun 2020 dan 2021 menduduki urutan kedua, diatasnya hanya ada negara India. (Wati et al, 2018) Kesembuhan pasien TBParu di pengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor diantaranya adalah pengetahuan, status pendidikan, dan kepatuhan pasien dalam meminum obat. (Alisjahbana et al, 2020) Banyak pasien yang tidak patuh terhadap pengobatan karena merasa jenuh dan bosan.Pengobatan Tuberkulosis berlangsung cukup lama sehingga banyak pasienTuberkulosis paru yang putus berobat sehingga hal ini menimbulkan resistensi kuman TB Paru terhadap obat anti tuberkulosis.…”

“…Indonesia's position has never been outside the top 5 as the country with the most incidences, even in the last two years, 2020 and 2021, it ranks second, above which there is only India. (Wati et al, 2018). The purpose of this study was to determine the role of the family and the success of treatment for pulmonary TB patients in the Tuban Health Center Work Area.…”

Risk Factor Analysis of Adverse Effects of Kanamycin and Capreomycin on Kidney Function in Multidrug-Resistant TB Patients

“…In this study, there was no effect between body weight and the incidence of side effects on the kidneys and hypokalemia, which was indicated by the results of p-value> 0.05, namely the value of p = 0.420 in the kanamycin group and p = 788 in the capreomycin group. Differences in outcomes can be attributed to differences in the definition of impaired renal function, different populations, and the use of various drugs (Ratnawati et al, 2018).…”

“…Drug side effects are among the leading causes of treatment failure; therefore, special attention must be paid to the occurrence of side effects in TB treatment. The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends second-line injectable drugs for the management of Multidrug-Resistant TB cases, including the aminoglycoside class consisting of streptomycin, kanamycin, amikacin, and capreomycin polypeptide class (Ratnawati et al, 2018). However, some drugs can cause severe side effects such as ototoxicity, electrolyte disturbances (hypokalemia, hypomagnesemia, hypocalcemia), and impaired renal function (nephrotoxicity) (Heysell et al, 2018).…”

“…Research conducted by Arto et al (2017) through collecting patient medical record data from 2012-2017 revealed that after the first month of Multidrug-Resistant TB treatment, there was a significant decrease in mean serum potassium (4.0 + 0.4 mEq/L to 3.7 + 0.5 mEq/L) in patients using kanamycin and (4.1 + 0.5 mEq/L to 3.2 + 0.6 mEq/L) in patients receiving capreomycin therapy (Soeroto et al, 2019). Based on research by Ratnawati et al (2018), using kanamycin in patients with MDR-TB caused functional disorders in 147 patients (61.8%). In addition, nephrotoxicity also occurred in 9.8% of patients at 4.8 months of MDR-TB treatment (Mwansasu et al, 2017).…”