Penetration of polar brominated DBPs through the activated carbon columns during total organic bromine analysis

Abstract

Total organic bromine (TOBr) is a collective parameter representing all the brominated organic disinfection byproducts (DBPs) in water samples. TOBr can be measured using the adsorption-pyrolysis method according to Standard Method 5320B. This method involves that brominated organic DBPs are separated from inorganic halides and concentrated from aqueous solution by adsorption onto the activated carbon (AC). Previous studies have reported that some commonly known brominated DBPs can partially penetrate through the AC during this adsorption step. In this work, the penetration of polar brominated DBPs through AC and ozone-modified AC was explored with two simulated drinking water samples and one chlorinated wastewater effluent sample. Polar brominated DBPs were selectively detected with a novel precursor ion scan method using electrospray ionization-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry. The results show that 3.4% and 10.4% of polar brominated DBPs (in terms of total ion intensity) in the chlorinated Suwannee River fulvic acid and humic acid samples, respectively, penetrated through the AC, and 19.6% of polar brominated DBPs in the chlorinated secondary wastewater effluent sample penetrated through the AC. The ozone-modification of AC minimized the penetration of polar brominated DBPs during the TOBr analysis.

Water Analysis: Emerging Contaminants and Current Issues

“…Finally, an important new advance was reported by Li et al in the traditional pyrolysis-IC TOBr method. 164 Previous studies have shown that polar brominated DBPs can penetrate activated carbon (AC) that is used to extract the DBPs from water prior to pyrolysis and quantification by IC. This occurred by reduction by the AC of some of the TOBr to bromide.…”

Identification, Formation, and Predicted Toxicity of Halogenated DBPs Derived from Tannic Acid and Its Biodegradation Products

“…Similarly, by combining the pairs of ion clusters in the UPLC/ESI-tqMS PIS spectra of m / z 35 and 37 (Figure j–r and Figure S5), many chlorine-containing DBPs (Cl-DBPs) were selectively detected in the sample, including ion clusters m / z 177/179/181/183, 197/199/201, 213/215/217/219, 225/227/229, 231/233/235/237, 259/261/263/265, 293/295/297/299, etc. The ion clusters m / z 215/217/219, 193/195, and 171/173/175 should correspond to the frequently observed DBPs dibromoacetic acid, 2-bromobutenedioic acid, and bromochloroacetic acid, respectively. ,− Other ion clusters should be new or less-reported emerging DBPs.…”

Coagulation of Iodide-Containing Resorcinol Solution or Natural Waters with Ferric Chloride Can Produce Iodinated Coagulation Byproducts

“…Second, the reaction of FeI 2+ complexes with secondary iodide is a rate-determining step for the formation of iodine as FeI 2+ complexes serve as an iodine sink . Third, the penetration of polar iodinated I-CBPs through the activated carbon columns during TOI analysis would have also caused some iodine loss . The oxidation of iodide by FeCl 3 was significantly slower than by chlorine, chloramines, ozone, and permanganate. , …”

“…41 Third, the penetration of polar iodinated I-CBPs through the activated carbon columns during TOI analysis would have also caused some iodine loss. 42 The oxidation of iodide by FeCl 3 was significantly slower than by chlorine, chloramines, ozone, and permanganate. 43,44 Formation of I-CBPs during the Coagulation of Iodide-Containing Resorcinol Solution with Ferric Chloride.…”