Pembrolizumab in FIGO IVB Verrucous Carcinoma of the Vulva: A Case Report

Wang, Yuhan; Lin, Rong; Bingzhong, Zhang; Zhou, Hui; Lin, Zhongqiu; Yao, Tingting

doi:10.3389/fonc.2021.598594

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…The patient presented wall-eyed bilateral internuclear ophthalmoplegia (WEBINO) as immune-related adverse event [13]. Pembrolizumab also showed efficacy in a patient with vulva verrucous carcinoma in neoadjuvant setting in association with chemotherapy [14]. Pembrolizumab also demonstrated good disease control in rare histologies, such as metastatic vaginal adenocarcinoma, clear cell carcinoma of the vulva, and vulvo-vaginal mucosal melanoma [15‒18].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pembrolizumab in Vaginal Carcinoma: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

Vitale,

Nasso,

Riccò

et al. 2024

Case Rep Oncol

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Introduction: Vaginal cancer is a rare gynecologic malignancy. While in a localized disease, concurrent chemoradiation grants local control and better overall survival, in a metastatic setting, the management options are very limited. Furthermore, recurrent cervical, vulvar, and vaginal carcinomas notoriously develop resistance to treatment, and consequently, their prognosis is still poor. Case Presentation: We herein present the case of a woman with a nodal relapse of vaginal carcinoma, effectively treated with third-line immunotherapy. We will also provide a review of the literature on the new therapeutic strategies for advanced vaginal carcinoma, with a focus on pembrolizumab immunotherapy. Conclusion: Pembrolizumab might represent a promising option for the management of vaginal and vulvar cancer, but data to support its use in this setting are still lacking. This case highlights the need for further investigation and trial designs for this rare disease.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pembrolizumab in Vaginal Carcinoma: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

Vitale,

Nasso,

Riccò

et al. 2024

Case Rep Oncol

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“…It has been reported that the expression level of immunosuppressive genes or immune checkpoint genes (PD-1, PD-L1, etc.) is an important cause of tumor immune escape, leading to tumor progression and poor prognosis 37 - 38 . Our study showed a significant positive correlation between GLDC and immunosuppressive genes, and the GLDC-high groups had higher immune checkpoint (PD-1, PD-L1, CTLA-4) expression levels and immune exclusion scores than the GLDC-low groups.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Glycine Decarboxylase (GLDC) Plays a Crucial Role in Regulating Energy Metabolism, Invasion, Metastasis and Immune Escape for Prostate Cancer

Chen,

Xiao,

Huang

et al. 2023

Int. J. Biol. Sci.

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Glycine decarboxylase (GLDC) is one of the core enzymes for glycine metabolism, and its biological roles in prostate cancer (PCa) are unclear. First, we found that GLDC plays a central role in glycolysis in 540 TCGA PCa patients. Subsequently, a metabolomic microarray showed that GLDC enhanced aerobic glycolysis in PCa cells, and GLDC and its enzyme activity enhanced glucose uptake, lactate production and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity in PCa cells. Next, we found that GLDC was highly expressed in PCa, was directly regulated by hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF1-α) and regulated downstream LDHA expression. In addition, GLDC and its enzyme activity showed a strong ability to promote the migration and invasion of PCa both in vivo and in vitro. Furthermore, we found that the GLDC-high group had a higher TP53 mutation frequency, lower CD8+ T-cell infiltration, higher immune checkpoint expression, and higher immune exclusion scores than the GLDC-low group. Finally, the GLDC-based prognostic risk model by applying LASSO Cox regression also showed good predictive power for the clinical characteristics and survival in PCa patients. This evidence indicates that GLDC plays crucial roles in glycolytic metabolism, invasion and metastasis, and immune escape in PCa, and it is a potential therapeutic target for prostate cancer.

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“…Different mechanisms of immune evasion have been studied in penile [ 11 , 21 , 53 , 54 ] vulvar [ 14 , 18 , 20 , 55 ] and anal cancers [ 17 , 19 ], and included immune checkpoint proteins and exhausted phenotypes for infiltrating-lymphocytes, suggesting that patients with these type of tumors can benefit from anti PD-L1 therapy [ 9 , 27 , 56 , 57 , 58 , 59 ]. Currently, there are several clinical trials ongoing for the use of immune therapy targeting PD-L1 (or its receptor PD-1) as treatment for penile, vulvar or anal cancer [ 60 , 61 , 62 , 63 , 64 , 65 , 66 , 67 , 68 , 69 ]. Therefore, multiplexed immunofluorescence and an objective analysis of the tumor microenvironment may contribute significantly to improve the understanding of different therapeutic targets when the access to biological material is reduced or limited.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simultaneous and Spatially-Resolved Analysis of T-Lymphocytes, Macrophages and PD-L1 Immune Checkpoint in Rare Cancers

Cereceda

Bravo

Jorquera

et al. 2022

Cancers

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Penile, vulvar and anal neoplasms show an incidence lower than 0.5% of the population per year and therefore can be considered as rare cancers but with a dramatic impact on quality of life and survival. This work describes the experience of a Chilean cancer center using multiplexed immunofluorescence to study a case series of four penile cancers, two anal cancers and one vulvar cancer and simultaneous detection of CD8, CD68, PD-L1, Cytokeratin and Ki-67 in FFPE samples. Fluorescent image analyses were performed using open sources for automated tissue segmentation and cell phenotyping. Our results showed an objective and reliable counting of objects with a single or combined labeling or within a specific tissue compartment. The variability was below 10%, and the correlation between analytical events was 0.92–0.97. Critical cell phenotypes, such as TILs, PD-L1+ or proliferative tumor cells were detected in a supervised and unsupervised manner with a limit of detection of less than 1% of relative abundance. Finally, the observed diversity and abundance of the different cell phenotypes within the tumor microenvironment for the three studied tumor types confirmed that our methodology is useful and robust to be applicable for many other solid tumors.

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Pembrolizumab in FIGO IVB Verrucous Carcinoma of the Vulva: A Case Report

Cited by 7 publications

References 20 publications

Pembrolizumab in Vaginal Carcinoma: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

Pembrolizumab in Vaginal Carcinoma: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

Glycine Decarboxylase (GLDC) Plays a Crucial Role in Regulating Energy Metabolism, Invasion, Metastasis and Immune Escape for Prostate Cancer

Simultaneous and Spatially-Resolved Analysis of T-Lymphocytes, Macrophages and PD-L1 Immune Checkpoint in Rare Cancers

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