2013
DOI: 10.1111/ajt.12356
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Abstract: The prevalence of pediatric RRT and transplantation are low in developing countries, 6-12 and <1 to 5 per million child population (pmcp), respectively. This is due to low GDP/capita of <$10 000, government expenditure on health of <2.6-9% of GDP and paucity of facilities. The reported incidence of pediatric CKD and ESRD is <1.0-8 and 3.4-35 pmcp, respectively. RRT and transplantation are offered mostly in private centers in cities where HD costs $20-100/session and transplants $10 000-20 000. High costs and l… Show more

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Cited by 33 publications
(29 citation statements)
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“…18 Although developing countries have lower rates of transplantation than developed countries, in addition to limited resources for acquiring the newer, more expensive immunosuppressive agents, they have had similar improvements. 36 Kidneys transplanted into children 5 years of…”
Section: Graft Survivalmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…18 Although developing countries have lower rates of transplantation than developed countries, in addition to limited resources for acquiring the newer, more expensive immunosuppressive agents, they have had similar improvements. 36 Kidneys transplanted into children 5 years of…”
Section: Graft Survivalmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In the developing world, incidence rates of transplantation depend on country income even more. Pediatric transplant rates are <1-2 pmarp in Pakistan, Arab countries, and South Africa, and <4 pmarp in Brazil, suggesting that a limited number of ESRD children have access to transplantation [20,[28][29][30]. Transplantation outcome is generally poorer in low-income countries, although a small minority of referral centers in these countries also show excellent results [28].…”
Section: Inequalities In Access To Transplantationmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…About 20 patients required augmentation cystoplasty prior to their transplants. Success rate has been more than 90% graft survival (1315). …”
Section: Specialist Pediatric Urology Servicesmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…There is a large neuropathic population undergoing lower tract reconstruction and it has been pleasing the way that intermittent catheterization has been accepted even by the rural population once a cheap source of disposable catheters was identified. Some of these have been in renal failure and lower tract reconstruction has successfully preceded transplantation in a growing number of cases (15, 16). Surgery for hypospadias, epispadias, and bladder exstrophy is well established and Dr. Gianantonio Manzoni from the Policlinico in Milan has conducted a number of in-house workshops to great effect in order to keep the whole team abreast of modern techniques in penile reconstruction.…”
Section: Specialist Pediatric Urology Servicesmentioning
confidence: 99%