Pediatric Interviewing Skills Taught by Nonphysicians

Feedback by simulated patients in undergraduate medical education: a systematic review of the literature

“…Only 13 studies provided information on training SPs in giving feedback to students 7,12,16,18,30,33–41 . Most of these papers provided limited information.…”

“…The total training time varied from 20 minutes in experienced SPs to 40 hours in newly recruited SPs 7,30 . Training of SPs in recording checklist items and giving feedback consisted of studying videotaped interviews and practice in delivering feedback with SP trainers 12,16,18,30,33–36 or live interview and feedback practice 12,16,18,33,36–38 . In one study SPs could practise giving feedback to one another 39 .…”

“…In one study SPs could practise giving feedback to one another 39 . In seven studies, SPs received written instructional material or an instruction manual, which included, for example, articles or guidelines on giving feedback 12,18,35–40 …”

“…In 19 studies SPs provided feedback to students individually 7,9,12,18,30,31,33–38,40,42,45–47,59–61,64 . In the majority of studies, however, SPs gave feedback to a student in the presence of others, who included, for example, peers and other SPs.…”

“…In 11 of all 49 studies, 7,10,27,28,30,36,39,41,51,56,59 SPs gave feedback from the patient’s perspective. In four of these studies, feedback was given solely from the patient’s perspective; no feedback was given on clinical skills or communication skills and no instruction was given to students 7,28,41,51 .…”