Pediatric Cardiac Tumors: Echocardiographic Imaging Features – A Pictorial Review

Abstract

Cardiac tumors (CT) in children are very rare lesions, but their diagnosis is crucial for patient management. Echocardiography is the most used cardiovascular imaging modality in clinical practice for the initial diagnosis of CT in pediatric patients. Knowing the echocardiographic characteristics of CTs can enable an increasingly early diagnosis and the identification of its most likely etiology. Primary CTs are the most frequent in children, with benign ones being the most prevalent. Among benign CTs, the most frequent in fetuses and neonates are rhabdomyomas and teratomas, while in older children, they are rhabdomyomas and fibromas. In this article we describe the echocardiographic characteristics of the main CTs in pediatric ages.

Diagnóstico Errôneo de Angiossarcoma Cardíaco na Era COVID-19

“…Pacientes com angiossarcoma podem apresentar dispneia, desconforto torácico, DP, tamponamento, IC, pré-síncope, síncope, sintomas constitucionais e eventos tromboembólicos. 5 Os sintomas iniciais do nosso paciente foram fadiga, hiperidrose, palpitações paroxísticas e dor torácica pleurítica no hemitórax direito. Cerqueira et al,.…”

“…O prognóstico do angiossarcoma primário é ruim, mesmo com ressecção cirúrgica completa. 5 Um novo coronavírus chamado "COVID-19" tem se alastrado pelo mundo desde o final de 2019 e início de 2020. 6 Até o momento, outras doenças, mesmo em situações fatais, têm sido negligenciadas ou diagnosticadas incorretamente devido à atribuição dos sintomas do paciente à presença da infecção por COVID-19.…”

Surgical Treatment of Pediatric Refractory Ventricular Tachycardia Originating From a Left Ventricular Rhabdomyoma

“…Some rhabdomyomas can be fatal by causing arrhythmias, issues with ventricular filling, or outflow tract obstructions. 1,2 Rhabdomyomas may present clinically with different symptoms, depending on the location and size. In some cases, medical treatment may be inadequate to overcome arrhythmias caused by this disease.…”

“…Ganglioneuroma is a benign neuroblastic tumor arising from neuroectodermal cells originating from the neural crest. 1 Despite its benign nature, it can grow to a giant size. A subtotal resection of the tumor bulk is the standard of care for this tumor.…”

En Bloc Resection of a Giant Ganglioneuroma of the Chest Through Clamshell Thoracotomy

“…Both bilateral SVC and isolated left SVC can occur in the otherwise normal heart or be associated with congenital heart disease. 1 If the left SVC drains into the right atrium, venous blood return into the heart is normal. For this reason, many of these SVC anomalies are asymptomatic and found incidentally.…”