Pediatric Cardiac Tumors

Linnemeier, Laura; Benneyworth, Brian D.; Turrentine, Mark W.; Rodefeld, Mark D.; Brown, John W.

doi:10.1177/2150135114563938

Cited by 30 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Cardiac tumors are rare in children with an incidence of 0.17–0.2% [ 8 , 9 ]. The most common pediatric cardiac tumors are rhabdomyomas [ 1 , 4 , 5 , 10 – 12 ], 10% of which are familial and associated with Carney complex [ 6 ]. Cardiac myxomas have been diagnosed more frequently with the advent of echocardiography [ 3 ] and are most commonly located in the left atrium [ 5 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cardiac tumors are rare in the pediatric population, found in less than 0.5% of children evaluated for cardiac disease [ 1 ]. Atrial myxomas are the most common cardiac tumor in adults, most commonly presenting with cardiac symptoms.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Embolic phenomena, and constitutional or systemic signs [ 2 , 3 ] follow cardiac symptoms in frequency. In pediatrics, myxomas comprise less than 15% of cardiac tumors [ 1 , 4 – 6 ] and presentation with non-cardiac, constitutional symptoms is rare. Thus, we report a case of an adolescent girl who presented with a rash, fever, purpura, and elevated inflammatory markers found to have to a cardiac myxoma.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Rare presentation of an atrial myxoma in an adolescent patient: a case report and literature review

et al. 2018

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BackgroundCardiac tumors are uncommon in the pediatric population. When present, cardiac manifestations stem from the tumor causing inflow or outflow obstruction. While common in adults, cardiac myxomas presenting with generalized systemic illness or peripheral emboli especially with no cardiac or neurological symptoms are rare in children.Case presentationWe report a case of a previously healthy adolescent girl who presented with a 6-month history of constitutional symptoms and a purpuric rash with no cardiac or neurologic symptoms, found to have a cardiac myxoma.ConclusionsA vasculopathic rash in the setting of atrial myxomas has been shown be a precursor to significant morbidity and mortality. Due to the rarity of this entity, the time elapsed from onset of non-cardiac symptoms until diagnosis of a myxoma is usually prolonged with interval development of irreversible neurological sequelae and death reported in the literature. Therefore, we highlight the importance of including cardiac myxomas and paraneoplastic vasculitis early in the differential diagnosis for patients presenting with a purpuric rash and systemic symptoms.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Rare presentation of an atrial myxoma in an adolescent patient: a case report and literature review

et al. 2018

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“…Genital rhabdomyoma is observed in young and middle-aged women. Cardiac rhabdomyomas occur chiefly, but not exclusively, in the pediatric age group; a 45-year single-institution review found rhabdomyoma to account for 58% of cardiac neoplasms in 64 pediatric patients (age <18 years) who presented for surgical evaluation of a cardiac tumor ( 12 ). Rhabdomyomatous mesenchymal hamartoma of the skin is observed in newborns and infants.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

MRI Verification of a Case of Huge Infantile Rhabdomyoma

Ramadani¹,

Kreshnike

Muçaj³

et al. 2016

Acta Inform Med

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Introduction:Cardiac rhabdomyoma is type of benign myocardial tumor that is the most common fetal cardiac tumor. Cardiac rhabdomyomas are usually detected before birth or during the first year of life. They account for over 60% of all primary cardiac tumors.Case report:A 6 month old child with coughing and obstruction in breathing, was hospitalized in the Pediatric Clinic in UCCK, Pristine. The difficulty of breathing was heard and the pathological noise of the heart was noticed from the pediatrician. In the echo of the heart at the posterior and apico-lateral part of the left ventricle a tumoral mass was presented with the dimensions of 56 × 54 mm that forwarded the contractions of the left ventricle, the mass involved also the left ventricle wall and was not vascularized. The right ventricle was deformed and with the shifting of the SIV on the right the contractility was preserved. Aorta, the left arch and AP were normal with laminar circulation. The pericard was presented free. Radiography of thoracic organs was made; it resulted on cardiomegaly and significant bronchovascular drawing. It was completed with an MRI and it resulted on: Cardiomegaly due to large tumoral mass lesion (60×34 mm) involving lateral wall of left ventricle. It was isointense to the muscle on T1W images, markedly hyperintense on T2W images. There were a few septa or bant like hypointensities within lesion. On postcontrast study it showed avid enhancement. The left ventricle volume was decreased. Mild pericardial effusion was also noted. Surgical intervention was performed and it resulted on the histopathological aspect as a huge infantile rhadbomyoma.Conclusion:In most cases no treatment is required and these lesions regress spontaneously. Patients with left ventricular outflow tract obstruction or refractory arrhythmias respond well to surgical excision. Rhabdomyomas are frequently diagnosed by means of fetal echocardiography during the prenatal period.

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“…Because of the risk of embolization or hemodynamic compromise, left side lesions, such as myxomas, should undergo resection. In the case of malignant cardiac tumors, surgical excision in combination with systemic chemotherapy remains the best available treatment [ 8 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Respiratory Failure in an Adolescent with Primary Cardiac Sarcoma

Angeli

2015

Case Reports in Cardiology

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We report a case of progressive respiratory failure secondary to primary cardiac sarcoma masquerading as primary lung disease. An 18-year-old female presented to our hospital emergency department with progressive cough, dyspnea, and hemoptysis. She was treated for primary lung infection without improvement and had respiratory failure with endotracheal intubation by the third hospital day. An “intermediate” plasma brain natriuretic protein (BNP) of 216 pg/mL did not raise concerns about a heart failure diagnosis and may have delayed the correct diagnosis. Computed tomography of the chest with intravenous contrast was performed on the fifth hospital day and revealed a cardiac mass. A transthoracic echocardiogram confirmed a large left atrial mass that was obstructing mitral inflow. She was transferred to a tertiary center for emergency cardiac surgery. Primary cardiac tumors are a rare and treatable cause of heart failure in adolescent and young adult patients. Presentation can be confused with primary lung disease and must be suspected early. Plasma BNP cutoff levels used in the adult population should not be extrapolated to adolescents, as levels, both normal and abnormal, are significantly lower in this group of patients.

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Pediatric Cardiac Tumors

Abstract: Abstract:Background: Cardiac tumors in children are rare. Of cases reported in the literature, nearly all are benign

Cited by 30 publications

References 13 publications

Rare presentation of an atrial myxoma in an adolescent patient: a case report and literature review

Rare presentation of an atrial myxoma in an adolescent patient: a case report and literature review

MRI Verification of a Case of Huge Infantile Rhabdomyoma

Respiratory Failure in an Adolescent with Primary Cardiac Sarcoma

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