Pediatric Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome

Effects of Congenital Hiv Infection on Neurodevelopmental Status of Babies in Foster Care

“…Nevertheless, five of the 20 seronegative children had severe neurological involvement, and eight had cognitive deficits at least 2 SD below the norm. These figures are similar to the rates of neurological impairments found in previous studies of New York inner-city minority children born to drug-abusing parents, among whom HIV infection was prevalent but not universal (Ultmann et al 1987, Belman et al 1988). However, these findings are in contrast to similar developmental surveys conducted in Europe, in which serious neurological manifestations were present in 21 to 31 per cent of children with symptomatic HIV infection, but in only 1 per cent of uninfected children (Tardieu et al 1987, Cog0 et al 1990).…”

A preliminary evaluation of the cognitive and motor effects on pediatric HIV infection in Zairian children.

“…This finding suggests that at least a portion of the deficits seen in the HIV-positive children was due to the effects of HIV infection on the health of the mother and the subsequent developmental integrity of the home environment. On the other hand, the fact that the control group did not differ from the Kimpese group with respect to motor development and performance suggests that the motor deficits that have been consistently observed in other studies (Belman et al, 1988; Diamond et al, 1987) are probably the direct result of HIV infection in children’s early development.…”

Distribution of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in the CNS of children with severe HIV encephalomyelopathy

“…The limited number of documented pediatric AIDS cases indicates that HIV-infected children are prone to develop HIV encephalopathies and myelopathies but rarely present with opportunistic CNS infections [1,12,24]. An important feature of the two cases described in this report is the unusual severity and distribution of HIV-associated CNS damage with the appearance of large necrotizing cortical and subcortical lesions.…”