PCR for the detection of pathogens in neonatal early onset sepsis

Oeser, Clarissa; Pond, Marcus; Butcher, Philip D.; Russell, Alison; Henneke, Philipp; Laing, Ken; Planche, Timothy; Heath, Paul T; Harris, Kathryn

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0226817

Cited by 50 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…are the most important preventable causes of female infertility and adverse pregnancy outcomes [31]. Due to significant maternal colonization or infection, and subsequent fetal transmission, a growing body of evidence supports pre-natal diagnosis (preferably by a NAAT methodology) and treatment of these microbes [32] [33] We found that detection of polymicrobial infections (3 or more pathogens) in the urine samples of the pregnant population was significantly higher than the overall detection rate ( Figure 4). A recent study of symptomatic UTI patients demonstrated that multiplex PCR was able to detect the presence of pathogenic agents in 36% of concurrent, parallel "split samples", that tested negative with traditional culture techniques [34].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 76%

Outpatient Urinary-Tract-Infection-Like Symptoms: Causative Microbial Survey Utilizing Multiplex Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction Methodology

Singh¹,

Wilks²,

Reddy³

et al. 2020

AID

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Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are among the most common maladies afflicting the human population globally. A wide variety of microbial pathogens are responsible for causing UTIs that are often recurrent, especially in the elderly population, resulting in an economic burden of billions of dollars annually. In this study, we present data from a large population of symptomatic UTI patients tested using a multiplexed, real time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) strategy. Our data demonstrate that instances of UTI increase with age for all the tested pathogens, with the exception of Mycoplasma spp. and Ureaplasma spp., which were found to be significantly higher in the younger population. Furthermore, the use of the qRT-PCR approach was also found to be effective in detecting polymicrobial UTIs. With the limitations of classical microbial culture techniques traditionally used for UTI diagnosis, we demonstrate that a rapid and comprehensive technique like RT-PCR can be an effective tool for detecting and managing UTIs.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 76%

Outpatient Urinary-Tract-Infection-Like Symptoms: Causative Microbial Survey Utilizing Multiplex Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction Methodology

Singh¹,

Wilks²,

Reddy³

et al. 2020

AID

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“…Tachypnoea is the most common presenting sign of EOGBS, with or without grunting, recession or nasal flaring, and may be very subtle. Hypothermia is a more common presentation than fever [13].…”

Section: Neonatal Infectionincidencementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The advantage of PCR is that a result can be obtained rapidly, and may detect other pathogens, leading to improved targeting of antibiotic therapy. A 2017 Cochrane review [65] and a 2020 study [13] suggest that PCR has the potential to be a highly valuable additional tool for the diagnosis of infection, including in those babies where conventional cultures were negative.…”

Section: Neonatal Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Group B streptococcal disease in the mother and newborn—A review

Steer

Russell

Kochhar

et al. 2020

European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductiv

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Group B Streptococcus, a common commensal in the gut of humans and in the lower genital tract in women, remains an important cause of neonatal mortality and morbidity. The incidence of early onset disease has fallen markedly in countries that test women for carriage at 35-37 weeks of pregnancy and then offer intrapartum prophylaxis with penicillin during labour. Countries that do not test, but instead employ a risk factor approach, have not seen a similar fall. There are concerns about the effect on the neonatal microbiome of widespread use of antibiotic prophylaxis during labour, but so far the effects seem minor and temporary. Vaccination against GBS would be acceptable to most women and GBS vaccines are in the early stages of development. Tweetable abstract: Group B Strep is a key cause of infection, death and disability in young babies. Antibiotics given in labour remain the mainstay of prevention, until a vaccine is available.

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“…Recently, the PCR technique has been universal deployed in clinical diagnoses, which makes it possible to diagnose infectious diseases caused by microorganisms quickly and accurately. Moreover, numerous studies have shown that 16S rRNA PCR can diagnose neonatal sepsis [12][13][14][15][16][17]. The 16S rRNA gene is 1500 nucleotides long and encodes the 30S ribosomal subunit in all prokaryotes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Accuracy of 16S rRNA Polymerase Chain Reaction for the Diagnosis of Neonatal Sepsis: A Meta-Analysis

Wang

Zhao²,

Yao

et al. 2021

BioMed Research International

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Objective. To determine the accuracy of 16S rRNA polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for the diagnosis of neonatal sepsis through a systematic review and meta-analysis. Methods. Studies involving 16S rRNA PCR tests for the diagnosis of neonatal sepsis were searched in the PubMed, Medline, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases. The methodological quality of the identified studies was evaluated using the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies-2 (QUADAS-2), and the sensitivity, the specificity, the positive likelihood ratio (PLR), the negative likelihood ratio (NLR), the diagnostic odds ratio (DOR), and the area under the curve (AUC) of operator characteristic (SROC) curves were determined. Heterogeneity between studies was analyzed by metaregression. Stata 14.0 and Meta-disc 1.4 software were used for the analyses. Results. This meta-analysis included 19 related studies. The analysis found a sensitivity of 0.98 (95% CI: 0.85-1), specificity of 0.94 (95% CI: 0.87-0.97), PLR of 16.0 (95% CI: 7.6-33.9), NLR of 0.02 (95% CI: 0.00-0.18), DOR of 674 (95% CI: 89-5100), and AUC of 0.99 (95% CI: 0.97-0.99). Metaregression analysis identified Asian countries, arterial blood in blood samples, and sample size > 200 as the main sources of heterogeneity. This meta-analysis did not uncover publication bias. Sensitivity analysis showed that the study was robust. Fagan’s nomogram results showed clinical usability. Conclusions. The results from this meta-analysis indicate that 16S rRNA PCR testing is effective for the rapid diagnosis of neonatal sepsis.

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PCR for the detection of pathogens in neonatal early onset sepsis

Cited by 50 publications

References 47 publications

Outpatient Urinary-Tract-Infection-Like Symptoms: Causative Microbial Survey Utilizing Multiplex Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction Methodology

Outpatient Urinary-Tract-Infection-Like Symptoms: Causative Microbial Survey Utilizing Multiplex Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction Methodology

Group B streptococcal disease in the mother and newborn—A review

The Accuracy of 16S rRNA Polymerase Chain Reaction for the Diagnosis of Neonatal Sepsis: A Meta-Analysis

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