PBBs, PBDEs, and PCBs in foods collected from e-waste disassembly sites and daily intake by local residents

Levels and congener profiles of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in breast milk from Shanghai: Implication for exposure route of higher brominated BDEs

“…Several studies have investigated PBDEs exposure via fish consumption among the general Chinese population. The higher brominated BDEs such as BDE-209 were not detectable or at lower concentrations in most of the freshwater fish from the Yangtze River, as well as fish from South China (Meng et al, 2007;Xian et al, 2008;Zhao et al, 2009). Therefore, diet does not explain the concentration levels of higher brominated BDEs (octa-to deca-BDEs) in the milk sampled in this study.…”

“…However, recent studies from France (Antignac et al, 2009), Spain (Gömara et al, 2007), and China (Sudaryanto et al, 2008b) found relatively higher concentrations of octa-to deca-BDEs in milk, accounting for more than 50% of total PBDEs. These results seem to imply that the exposure route of PBDEs might differ from traditional persistent organic pollutants, such as polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and organic chlorinated pesticides (OCPs), where diet was considered the major exposure route (Zhao et al, 2009). Because many studies indicated that biota had relatively low concentrations of higher brominated BDEs (Meng et al, 2007;Xian et al, 2008;Zhao et al, 2009), dietary intake did not explain the high proportion of higher brominated BDEs in milk.…”

Characterization of PBDEs in soils and vegetations near an e-waste recycling site in South China

“…However, the concentrations of PBDEs in vegetable were much higher than those collected from e-waste recycling site in Zhejiang Province (Zhao et al, 2009a), which may pose a potential risk to the consumers.…”

Characterization of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and hydroxylated and methoxylated PBDEs in soils and plants from an e-waste area, China

“…High PBDE concentrations have been found in the soils from e-waste recycling areas such as in Guiyu, Guangdong Province (up to 4250 ng g À1 , Leung et al, 2007) and Taizhou, Zhejiang Province (up to 25,479 ng g À1 , Yang et al, 2008) in China. PBDEs in soils can be taken up by crops (Huang et al, 2010;Wang et al, 2011a) and translocated through the food chain, which potentially threatens the ecological environment and human health (Sun et al, 2013a;Yu et al, 2011;Zhao et al, 2009). Although investigations have been conducted on soil contamination with PBDEs in e-waste recycling areas Liang et al, 2010;Luo et al, 2009;Yang et al, 2008), studies are limited on the behaviors of PBDEs in the soileplant system at e-waste sites.…”