Mid- and far-infrared
nonlinear optical (MFIR NLO) materials are important in modern laser
technologies. However, it is very challenging to develop materials
that can achieve a subtle balance between the key requirements, such
as large NLO response, high laser-induced damage threshold (LIDT),
wide IR transparency, and phase-matching. In this work, a new wide
IR transparency (0.38–15.3 μm) NLO crystal Ba10In6Zn7S26 (SS26) is synthesized.
Further, its composite system Ba10In6Zn7S26-nZnS is synthesized by eutectic
reaction. In particular, Ba10In6Zn7S26-14ZnS (SS40) shows excellent balanced NLO performance
that includes a large band gap of 3.05 eV, high LIDT (13.3 ×
AgGaS2), large second harmonic generation (SHG) response
(2.1 × AgGaS2 at 2050 nm, 5.2 × KDP at 1064 nm),
and wide optical transmission window (0.37–15.4 μm).
Importantly, the phase-matching condition is realized for SS40 by
interfaces formed between the crystal face (112) of matrix SS26 and
the crystal face (111) of reinforcement cubic ZnS by topological chemical
reaction, and the NLO performance can be tuned by different concentrations
of ZnS. First-principles simulations are employed to study NLO properties
of SS26 and the interfaces. This work demonstrates that SS40 is a
promising MFIR NLO material, and tuning components of the composite
material system is a useful way to develop new MFIR NLO materials
with excellent comprehensive performance.