Paxillus

Wallander, HÃ¥kan; Söderström, Bengt

doi:10.1007/978-3-662-06827-4_9

Cited by 18 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 105 publications

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“…Differ in H 2 O 2 Production increased use of the species in studies of ectomycorrhizal symbioses (Klironomos and Kendrick, 1993;Wallander and Söderström, 1999). The fungus also has potential as a commercial inoculant because it grows well in culture (Cripps and Miller, 1995).…”

Section: Compatible and Incompetent Paxillus Involutus Isolates For Ementioning

confidence: 99%

Compatible and Incompetent Paxillus involutus Isolates for Ectomycorrhiza Formation in vitro with Poplar (Populus×canescens) Differ in H₂O₂ Production

et al. 2004

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Isolates of Paxillus involutus (Batsch) Fr. collected from different hosts and environmental conditions were screened for their ability to form ectomycorrhizal symbiosis with hybrid poplar P. x canescens (= Populus tremula L. x P. alba) in vitro. The ability to form ectomycorrhiza varied between the fungal isolates and was not correlated with the growth rate of the fungi on agar-based medium. The isolate MAJ, which was capable of mycorrhiza synthesis under axenic conditions, and the incompetent isolate NAU were characterized morphologically and anatomically. MAJ formed a typical hyphal mantle and a Hartig net, whereas NAU was not able to penetrate the host cell walls and caused thickenings of the outer cell walls of the host. MAJ, but not NAU, displayed strong H2O2 accumulation in the outer hyphal mantle. Increases in H2O2 in the outer epidermal walls and adjacent hyphae of the incompetent isolate were moderate. No increases of H2O2 in response to the mycobionts were found inside roots. Suggested functions of H2O2 production in the outer hyphal mantle of the compatible interaction are: growth regulation of the host's roots, defence against other invading microbes, or increasing plant-innate immunity. The system established here for P. x canescens compatible and incompetent fungal associations will be useful to take advantage of genomic information now available for poplar to study tree-fungal interactions at the molecular and physiological level.

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Section: Compatible and Incompetent Paxillus Involutus Isolates For Ementioning

confidence: 99%

Compatible and Incompetent Paxillus involutus Isolates for Ectomycorrhiza Formation in vitro with Poplar (Populus×canescens) Differ in H₂O₂ Production

et al. 2004

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“…Both species are basidiomycetes and belong to the clade Boletales (Kohler et al, 2015). The ECM fungus, Paxillus involutus, is widespread in the northern hemisphere and forms ectomycorrhiza with numerous species of coniferous and deciduous trees (Wallander and S€ oderstr€ om, 1999). The saprotrophic fungus, Hydnomerulius pinastri, is a brownrot wood decaying fungus (Binder and Hibbett, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mineral surface‐reactive metabolites secreted during fungal decomposition contribute to the formation of soil organic matter

Wang

Tian

Bengtson

et al. 2017

Environmental Microbiology

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Soil organic matter (SOM) constitutes the largest terrestrial C pool. An emerging, untested, view is that oxidation and depolymerization of SOM by microorganisms promote the formation of SOM-mineral associations that is critical for SOM stabilization. To test this hypothesis, we performed laboratory-scale experiments involving one ectomycorrhizal and one saprotrophic fungus that represent the two major functional groups of microbial decomposers in the boreal forest soils. Fungal decomposition enhanced the retention of SOM on goethite, partly because of oxidative modifications of organic matter (OM) by the fungi. Moreover, both fungi secreted substantial amounts (> 10% new biomass C) of aromatic metabolites that also contributed to an enhanced mineral retention of OM. Our study demonstrates that soil fungi can form mineral-stabilized SOM not only by oxidative conversion of the SOM but also by synthesizing mineral surface-reactive metabolites. Metabolites produced by fungal decomposers can play a yet overlooked role in the formation and stabilization of SOM.

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“…In this study, we have investigated the physiological response to C-starvation by the EMF Paxillus involutus , by using biochemical analyses and transcriptome profiling. Paxillus involutus is a common ECM basidiomycete, widely distributed throughout the Northern Hemisphere and forms ectomycorrhizae with numerous coniferous and deciduous tree species (Wallander and Söderström 1999 ). In particular, we assessed whether the physiological and transcriptional changes caused by carbon starvation in P. involutus in axenic cultures is similar to those observed in well-studied ascomycetes; and whether at least some of the released cellular components can be recycled by autophagy, degradation and assimilation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The carbon starvation response of the ectomycorrhizal fungus Paxillus involutus

Ellström

Shah

Johansson

et al. 2015

FEMS Microbiology Ecology

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The amounts of carbon allocated to the fungal partner in ectomycorrhizal associations can vary substantially depending on the plant growth and the soil nutrient conditions, and the fungus may frequently be confronted with limitations in carbon. We used chemical analysis and transcriptome profiling to examine the physiological response of the ectomycorrhizal fungus Paxillus involutus to carbon starvation during axenic cultivation. Carbon starvation induced a decrease in the biomass. Concomitantly, ammonium, cell wall material (chitin) and proteolytic enzymes were released into the medium, which suggest autolysis. Compared with the transcriptome of actively growing hyphae, about 45% of the transcripts analyzed were differentially regulated during C-starvation. Induced during starvation were transcripts encoding extracellular enzymes such as peptidases, chitinases and laccases. In parallel, transcripts of N-transporters were upregulated, which suggest that some of the released nitrogen compounds were re-assimilated by the mycelium. The observed changes suggest that the carbon starvation response in P. involutus is associated with complex cellular changes that involves autolysis, recycling of intracellular compounds by autophagy and reabsorption of the extracellular released material. The study provides molecular markers that can be used to examine the role of autolysis for the turnover and survival of the ectomycorrhizal mycelium in soils.

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Paxillus

Cited by 18 publications

References 105 publications

Compatible and Incompetent Paxillus involutus Isolates for Ectomycorrhiza Formation in vitro with Poplar (Populus×canescens) Differ in H₂O₂ Production

Compatible and Incompetent Paxillus involutus Isolates for Ectomycorrhiza Formation in vitro with Poplar (Populus×canescens) Differ in H₂O₂ Production

Mineral surface‐reactive metabolites secreted during fungal decomposition contribute to the formation of soil organic matter

The carbon starvation response of the ectomycorrhizal fungus Paxillus involutus

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Paxillus

Cited by 18 publications

References 105 publications

Compatible and Incompetent Paxillus involutus Isolates for Ectomycorrhiza Formation in vitro with Poplar (Populus×canescens) Differ in H2O2 Production

Compatible and Incompetent Paxillus involutus Isolates for Ectomycorrhiza Formation in vitro with Poplar (Populus×canescens) Differ in H2O2 Production

Mineral surface‐reactive metabolites secreted during fungal decomposition contribute to the formation of soil organic matter

The carbon starvation response of the ectomycorrhizal fungus Paxillus involutus

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Compatible and Incompetent Paxillus involutus Isolates for Ectomycorrhiza Formation in vitro with Poplar (Populus×canescens) Differ in H₂O₂ Production

Compatible and Incompetent Paxillus involutus Isolates for Ectomycorrhiza Formation in vitro with Poplar (Populus×canescens) Differ in H₂O₂ Production