Patterns of co-morbidity with anxiety disorders in Chinese women with recurrent major depression

Li, Y; Shi, Sheng; Yang, Fuzhong; Gao, Jingfang; Tao, Ming; Wang, G; Zhang, K; Gao, Chengge; Liu, L; Li, K; Liu, Y; Wang, X; Zhang, J; Lv, Luxian; Chen, Q; Ji, Hu; Sun, Lixin; Shi, Jianyou; Chen, Yundi; Xie, Dong; Flint, Jonathan; Kendler, Kenneth S.; Zhang, Z

doi:10.1017/s003329171100273x

Cited by 32 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…6,41,42 Neuroticism was strongly associated with migraine in both genders, and as neuroticism measures propensity to experience negative affect and stress, those with high neuroticism are less likely to be able to be adaptable and flexible in coping styles. 43–45 …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gender Differences, Clinical Correlates, and Longitudinal Outcome of Bipolar Disorder With Comorbid Migraine

Saunders¹,

Nazir²,

Kamali³

et al. 2014

J. Clin. Psychiatry

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Objective Migraine is a common co-morbidity of bipolar disorder (BD), and is more prevalent in women than men. We hypothesized co-morbid migraine would be associated with features of illness and psychosocial risk factors which would differ by gender and impact outcome. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted to assess association between self-reported, physician-diagnosed migraine, clinical variables of interest and mood outcome in subjects with DSM-IV BD (N=412) and healthy controls (HC, N=157) from the Prechter Longitudinal Study of Bipolar Disorder, 2005–2010. Informed consent was obtained from all participants. Results Migraine was more common in BD (31%) than HC (6%), and had elevated risk in BD women compared to men (OR 3.5, CI 2.1, 5.8). In men, migraine was associated with BPII (OR 9.9, CI 2.3, 41.9) and mixed symptoms (OR 3.5, CI 1.0, 11.9). Migraine was associated with an earlier age at onset of BD by 2 years, more severe depression (B =.13, p=.03), and more frequent depression longitudinally (B =.13, p=.03). Migraine was associated with childhood trauma (p<.02) and high neuroticism (p<.01), and protective factors included high family adaptability (p=.05) and high extraversion (p=.01). Conclusion Migraine is a common co-morbidity with BD and may impact long-term outcome of BD, particularly depression. Clinicians should be alert for migraine co-morbidity in women, and in men with BPII. Effective treatment of migraine may impact mood outcome in BD as well as headache outcome. Joint pathophysiological mechanisms between migraine and BD may be important pathways for future study of treatments for both disorders.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gender Differences, Clinical Correlates, and Longitudinal Outcome of Bipolar Disorder With Comorbid Migraine

Saunders¹,

Nazir²,

Kamali³

et al. 2014

J. Clin. Psychiatry

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“…In line with our findings, generalised anxiety disorder has previously been reported to be associated with increased persistence or recurrence of depression. 18 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Secondary depression in severe anxiety disorders: a population-based cohort study in Denmark

Meier

Petersen

Mattheisen

et al. 2015

The Lancet Psychiatry

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Summary Background Depression and anxiety disorders are highly comorbid conditions and a worldwide disease burden; however, large-scale studies delineating their association are scarce. In this retrospective study, we aimed to assess the effect of severe anxiety disorders on the risk and course of depression. Methods We did a population-based cohort study with prospectively gathered data in Denmark using data from three Danish population registers: The Danish Civil Registration System, the Danish Psychiatric Central Register, and the Danish National Hospital Registry. We selected the cohort from people born in Denmark between Jan 1, 1955, and Dec 31, 2002, who we followed up from Jan 1, 1994, to Dec 31, 2012. The cohort was restricted to individuals with known parents. First, we investigated the effect of specific anxiety diagnoses on risk of single depressive episodes and recurrent depressive disorder. Second, we investigated the effect of comorbid anxiety on risk of readmission for depression, adjusting for sex, age, calendar year, parental age, place at residence at time of birth, and the interaction of age with sex. Findings We included 3 380 059 individuals in our study cohort. The adjusted incidence rate ratio (IRR) for single depressive episodes was 3·0 (95% CI 2·8–3·1, p<0·0001) and for recurrent depressive disorder was 5·0 (4·8–5·2) in patients with severe anxiety disorders compared with the general population. Compared with control individuals, the offspring of parents with anxiety disorders were more likely to be diagnosed with single depressive episodes (1·9, 1·8–2·0) or recurrent depressive disorder (2·1, 1·9–2·2). Comorbid anxiety increased the readmission rates in both patients with single depressive episodes and patients with recurrent depressive disorder. Interpretation Severe anxiety constitutes a significant risk factor for depression. Focusing on specific anxiety disorders might help to identify individuals at risk of depression, thereby providing new insights for prevention and treatment. Funding The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH).

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“…Phobias were collapsed into an ‘any phobia’ category. While cases were excluded for schizophrenia-spectrum/bipolar disorders, anxiety disorders were co-morbid with many of the depression diagnoses, and these co-morbidities have been examined and reported previously (Li et al 2012). …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polygenic risk for severe psychopathology among Europeans is associated with major depressive disorder in Han Chinese women

et al. 2017

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Background Previous studies have demonstrated that several major psychiatric disorders are influenced by shared genetic factors. This shared liability may influence clinical features of a given disorder (e.g. severity, age at onset). However, findings have largely been limited to European samples; little is known about the consistency of shared genetic liability across ethnicities. Method The relationship between polygenic risk for several major psychiatric diagnoses and major depressive disorder (MDD) was examined in a sample of unrelated Han Chinese women. Polygenic risk scores (PRSs) were generated using European discovery samples and tested in the China, Oxford, and VCU Experimental Research on Genetic Epidemiology [CONVERGE (maximum N = 10 502)], a sample ascertained for recurrent MDD. Genetic correlations between discovery phenotypes and MDD were also assessed. In addition, within-case characteristics were examined. Results European-based polygenic risk for several major psychiatric disorder phenotypes was significantly associated with the MDD case status in CONVERGE. Risk for clinically significant indicators (neuroticism and subjective well-being) was also associated with case–control status. The variance accounted for by PRS for both psychopathology and for well-being was similar to estimates reported for within-ethnicity comparisons in European samples. However, European-based PRS were largely unassociated with CONVERGE family history, clinical characteristics, or comorbidity. Conclusions The shared genetic liability across severe forms of psychopathology is largely consistent across European and Han Chinese ethnicities, with little attenuation of genetic signal relative to within-ethnicity analyses. The overall absence of associations between PRS for other disorders and within-MDD variation suggests that clinical characteristics of MDD may arise due to contributions from ethnicity-specific factors and/or pathoplasticity.

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Patterns of co-morbidity with anxiety disorders in Chinese women with recurrent major depression

Cited by 32 publications

References 48 publications

Gender Differences, Clinical Correlates, and Longitudinal Outcome of Bipolar Disorder With Comorbid Migraine

Gender Differences, Clinical Correlates, and Longitudinal Outcome of Bipolar Disorder With Comorbid Migraine

Secondary depression in severe anxiety disorders: a population-based cohort study in Denmark

Polygenic risk for severe psychopathology among Europeans is associated with major depressive disorder in Han Chinese women

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