Pathological aspects of human African trypanosomiasis (HAT) in Uganda

Poltera, A. A.; Owor, R; Cox, John

doi:10.1007/bf00432240

Cited by 39 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…The common denominator-of' relapses follbwing barious trypanotides (CALWELL, 1937;POLTERA et al, 1981POLTERA et al, , 1982SCHMIDT & SAYER, 1982;POLTERA, 1983) is the diffuse encephalitis, characterized mainly by a vasculitis. This cerebral vasculitis is either spontaneously achieved, for example in HAT (POLTERA et al, 1977), or experimentally drug induced as already quoted.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Immunopathological aspects of trypanosomal meningoencephalitis in vervet monkeys after relapse following BerenilR treatment

Poltera

Sayer²,

Brighouse

et al. 1985

Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygi

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Four quarantined vervet monkeys were treated with intramuscular BerenilR in patent CNS infection after experimental trypanosome inoculation with Typanosoma brucei rhodesiense or T. brucei brucei. All four animals relapsed in the post-therapeutic survival time of 37 to 209 days when they had fully developed me~ngoencepha~tis in histological sections with the presence of interstitial intracerebral trypanosomes, which were confirmed in two monkeys by electron microscopy. In both, sequential samples of the serum and cerebrospinal fluid were analysed for circulating immune complexes, immunoglobulins and albumin. From these results the intracerebral IgG synthesis and the impairment of the blood-brain-barrier were calculated, both being present in advanced infection. Circulating immune complexes were present in the serum, but could not be demonstrated in the cerebrospinal fluid. The monkey model therefore permits the study of various aspects of cerebral trypanosomiasis. BerenilR treatment is inefficient in patent CNS infection and leads to a protracted, less virulent disease course with terminal men~g~ncephalitis and intracerebral "persister" trypanosomes. This drug-induced trypanosome shift with me~ngoencepha~tis could be used for chemotherapeutic purposes to test new compounds in late stage disease.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Immunopathological aspects of trypanosomal meningoencephalitis in vervet monkeys after relapse following BerenilR treatment

Poltera

Sayer²,

Brighouse

et al. 1985

Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygi

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“…Mott cells are modified plasma cells with a small, peripheral nucleus and cytoplasm filled with Russell bodies. Presence of these cells in the perivascular infiltrates in the central nervous system in cases of trypanosomiasis are considered typical features of the infection and may be involved in immune-mediated vasculitis associated with this group of diseases (POLTERA et al, 1977).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reemerging of natural infection by Trypanosoma evansi in horses in Arari, Marajó Island, Brazil

et al. 2016

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“…As lesões de panencefalite encontradas no encéfalo de 7 eqüinos deste relato são acentuadas e guardam estreita semelhança ao que é descrito para a tripanossomíase africana em eqüinos (nagana) (McCully & Neitz 1971, Losos & Ikede 1972 e humanos (Poltera et al 1977, McAdam & Sharpe 2005. Essas lesões consistem de uma encefalite necrosante avassaladora, na qual os manguitos perivasculares são volumosos e incluem as células de Mott, inicialmente descritas na tripanossomíase africana em humanos (Mott 1906, citado por Poltera et al 1977, Aster 2005b).…”

Section: Discussão Discussão Discussão Discussão Discussãounclassified

“…Além disso, lesões encefálicas semelhantes às encontradas no encéfalo de eqüinos deste estudo foram observadas no encéfalo de bovinos na infecção natural por T. vivax (Riet-Correa et al 2003). Sabe-se que na tripanossomíase africana em humanos, causada por T. brucei brucei, quando os parasitas rompem a barreira hematoencefálica e invadem o SNC ocorre uma leptomeningite que se estende para os espaços perivasculares e acabam causando uma panencefalite desmielinizante (Poltera et al 1977, McAdam & Sharpe 2005.…”

Section: Discussão Discussão Discussão Discussão Discussãounclassified

Surtos de tripanossomíase por Trypanosoma evansi em eqüinos no Rio Grande do Sul: aspectos epidemiológicos, clínicos, hematológicos e patológicos

et al. 2005

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Additionally, around 80 mares were sent to Farm A to be bred. Of those, 66 became ill and 56 died after being returned to their farms of origin. Twenty one horses clinically affected by the disease were observed. Clinical signs included loss of weight (despite voracious appetite), lethargy, incoordination and instability of hindlimbs, atrophy of the large muscles of the hindlimbs, muscle weakness and paleness of mucosae. Specimens of T. evansi were detected in the blood drawn from four affected horses. Normocytic normochromic anemia with PCVs ranging from 15 to 31%, leucocytosis due to lymphocytosis associated to large atypical lymphocytes was observed in several affected horses. High levels of antibodies against T. evansi were detected in the serum of six horses from Farm A. Eight horses presented encephalic neurological signs such as circling, ataxia, blindness, excitation, falls, listlessness, proprioception deficits and head tilt. One horse assumed a "dogseating position". Necropsy findings included muscle atrophy, enlargement and lymphoid hyperplasia of the spleen and lymphnodes, edema and softening of the white and grey matter of the brain. Histologically, an overwhelming necrotizing panencephalitis was observed in the seven horses with encephalic signs. This panencephalitis was characterized by marked edema, demyelination and necrosis and perivascular infiltrates of 6-10 layers of lymphocytes and plasm cells affecting both the white and gray matter. Several plasm cells in the inflammatory infiltrate contained numerous eosinophilic globules in their cytoplasm (Mott cells). Similar histological lesions were observed in the spinal cord of the horse with the "dog-seating position". The brains of five horses with the encephalic signs were submitted to immunohistochemistry stain by the streptavidinbiotin technique. In all of those five brains moderate to abundant specimens of T. evansi in the perivascular spaces and neuropile were marked by the specific antibody. Epidemiological, clinical, hematological, and pathological aspects of equine trypanosomiasis caused by T. evansi are discussed.

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Pathological aspects of human African trypanosomiasis (HAT) in Uganda

Cited by 39 publications

References 29 publications

Immunopathological aspects of trypanosomal meningoencephalitis in vervet monkeys after relapse following BerenilR treatment

Immunopathological aspects of trypanosomal meningoencephalitis in vervet monkeys after relapse following BerenilR treatment

Reemerging of natural infection by Trypanosoma evansi in horses in Arari, Marajó Island, Brazil

Surtos de tripanossomíase por Trypanosoma evansi em eqüinos no Rio Grande do Sul: aspectos epidemiológicos, clínicos, hematológicos e patológicos

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