Pathogenicity of Spanish isolates of <i><scp>H</scp>eterobasidion annosum s. s</i>. in <i><scp>P</scp>inus pinaster</i> seedlings

Prieto-Recio, Cristina; Martín‐García, Jorge

doi:10.1111/efp.12091

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…The ANOVAs were carried out using the “Wilcox’ Robust Statistics (WRS)” package implemented in the R software environment. For girdling analysis, the variable was previously transformed to a quantitative variable using the area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC), calculated as the sum of the area of the corresponding trapezoids for the 37 weeks (Prieto‐Recio, Martín‐García, & Diez, ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathogenicity of Phytophthora alni complex and P. plurivora in Alnus glutinosa seedlings

2016

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Summary The ecological importance of riparian forests is well known. However, these forest habitats have been disturbed by human activities over the past century as a result of the introduction of flow regulations. Mortality of the riparian alder population caused by Phytophthora has become an important issue in Europe in the past two decades. The main objective of this study was to examine the pathogenicity of the Phytophthora alni complex (P. xalni, P. uniformis and P. xmultiformis) and P. plurivora in Alnus glutinosa seedlings. Phytophthora alni complex has traditionally been identified as the main causal agent of alder decline; however, in this study, P. plurivora was found to cause as much damage in inoculated seedlings as P. alni complex. In fact, Spanish isolates of P. xalni caused mortality rates of ca. 30%, whereas P. plurivora killed ca. 50% of seedlings. Likewise, there were no differences between P. xalni ‐ and P. plurivora‐inoculated seedlings in either the length of lesion or biomass allocation. The pathogenicity of the species within P. alni complex did not differ significantly. The findings confirm that P. plurivora, which is one of the most common species of Phytophthora found in European nurseries, is highly pathogenic to alder seedlings. Urgent implementation of measures to prevent the risk of spread of the pathogen from nurseries to natural ecosystems is required. Further studies are required to clarify the role that P. plurivora is playing in alder decline both individually and in combination with P. alni complex.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathogenicity of Phytophthora alni complex and P. plurivora in Alnus glutinosa seedlings

2016

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“…The scale of symptoms was previously transformed to a quantitative variable using the area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC), calculated as the sum of the area of the corresponding trapezoids for the trial duration [56,57]. As the data violated two of the ANOVA assumptions (normality and homogeneity of variances), robust statistical methods were applied [58].…”

Section: Statistical Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the Susceptibility of Several Czech Conifer Provenances to Fusarium circinatum

Martín‐García

Lukačevičová

Flores-Pacheco

et al. 2018

Forests

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Pine pitch canker (PPC), caused by Fusarium circinatum, is considered among the most important diseases affecting pines in many locations throughout the world. In Europe, F. circinatum is currently present in the Iberian Peninsula, posing a high risk of its spread into currently disease-free countries in Europe. In the present study, the susceptibility of Pinus sylvestris, Picea abies, and Larix decidua originating in the Czech Republic to F. circinatum was tested. Furthermore, the presence of asymptomatic yet infected seedlings was also checked. This study demonstrated the pathogenicity of F. circinatum to the Czech provenance of P. sylvestris, whereas Picea abies and Larix decidua proved to be tolerant. The reisolation of F. circinatum beyond the inoculation point demonstrated that this quarantine pathogen is able to infect the three conifers tested, giving rise to asymptomatic seedlings for at least eight and a half months. To our knowledge, this is the first study in which the presence of symptomless seedlings has been recorded in the genera Picea and Larix. This finding points out that the European legislation would fail to avoid the risk of new introductions via symptomless seedlings, since this legislation is only restricted to plants of the genus Pinus and the species Pseudotsuga menziesii.

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“…In the Iberian Peninsula, P. pinaster decline has been observed in different areas recently. While in some stands biotic agents can be responsible for P. pinaster decline (Prieto-Recio et al, 2014;Álvarez et al, 2015;Calvão et al, 2019), other studies found no evidence of any major biotic stress causing P. pinaster decline in central Spain, pointing to water stress and land-use legacies as the major drivers behind tree decline (Prieto-Recio et al, 2015;.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Vulnerability to drought of mediterranean conifers under global change scenarios

Núñez¹

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Rising CO2 atmospheric concentration ([CO2]) as a consequence of anthropogenic emissions is driving an increase in the average temperature of the planet. The Mediterranean basin is particularly sensitive to more intense disturbances due to aridification and land-use legacies that have strongly shaped the current landscapes in the Region. In this context of global change, we studied the decline and regeneration dynamics of three co-occurring Mediterranean coniferous species of different drought tolerance: Pinus pinaster < Pinus pinea < Juniperus oxycedrus (Chapter 2). We compared the growth patterns and climatic response of trees with different health status: healthy (for the three species), declining (only P. pinaster) and dead (P. pinaster and P. pinea). The currently dominant species, P. pinaster, shows extensive signs of decline -assessed by high canopy defoliation and mistletoe infection-and mortality. In addition, the species presents scarce regeneration, whereas it is being replaced by Quercus ilex, P. pinea and J. oxycedrus, with more abundant regeneration and abundance in juvenile stages. Since the 1980s, more frequent and severe drought events have occurred, inciting tree growth decline in dead and non-healthy pine trees, but with differences between species. Nonhealthy individuals of P. pinaster exhibited negative growth trends since 1995. In dead P. pinea trees, the growth decline started later since 2005. P. pinaster survival in the study area was linked to a higher sensitivity to spring precipitation and was concentrated in sites with higher moisture availability, while P. pinea survival was higher in trees with larger diameters. In Chapter 3, we selected 5 individuals from each status and species and studied the xylem anatomical traits and carbon isotopic discrimination ( 13 C) in annual tree-rings. Pine trees exhibited larger tracheids and higher xylem plasticity to climate variability than J. oxycedrus. Xylem traits differed between different health status in Pinus pinaster and Pinus pinea. Healthy pine trees had bigger lumen sizes in the earlywood and thicker cell walls in the latewood than non-healthy trees, along with expressing a higher xylem plasticity to climate. This xylem plasticity allowed P. pinea to adjust their xylem characteristics to increase cell safety during drought events. The ability to maintain a competitive yet plastic xylem structure is crucial to sustain productivity rates under more xeric, climate change scenarios. Our study revealed that non-healthy pines (i.e. declining and dead pine trees) and healthy trees exhibited similar  13 C, which suggests that non-healthy pine trees had low stomatal control to maximize photosynthesis and increase water transport to the crown to compensate for the excessive water loss.

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Pathogenicity of Spanish isolates of Heterobasidion annosum s. s. in Pinus pinaster seedlings

Cited by 7 publications

References 5 publications

Pathogenicity of Phytophthora alni complex and P. plurivora in Alnus glutinosa seedlings

Pathogenicity of Phytophthora alni complex and P. plurivora in Alnus glutinosa seedlings

Evaluation of the Susceptibility of Several Czech Conifer Provenances to Fusarium circinatum

Vulnerability to drought of mediterranean conifers under global change scenarios

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