Pathogenesis of Demyelinating Encephalopathy in Dogs with Spontaneous Acute Canine Distemper

Pan, Yaoqian; Liu, Xingyou; Meng, Lingjun; Zhu, Guoqiang; Yin-ke, Xia; Chen, Jinshan; Yoshikawa, Takashi

doi:10.1016/s2095-3119(13)60233-6

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 30 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…A CDV-positive immunoreaction in astrocytes was one of the characteristic findings in our study; the presence of CDV in many astrocytes is thought to be related to the mechanism of demyelination. [11][12][13] With reduced or incomplete vaccination in domestic dog populations, 16 as occurs frequently in some South American countries, herd immunity could be lower, increasing classical CDV cases in previously vaccinated dogs because of increased exposure. 16 In Brazil 3 and Uruguay, 17,18 some specific CDV circulating wild-type strains were genotyped.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Central nervous system lesions caused by canine distemper virus in 4 vaccinated dogs

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We examined the cerebellum and cerebrum of 4 vaccinated dogs, 3–60-mo-old, that displayed clinical signs of canine distemper virus (CDV) infection, and died 7–40 d after developing neurologic signs. The main histologic lesions were demyelination, gliosis, meningitis, perivascular lymphocytic cuffing, and inclusion bodies. These lesions were similar in all 4 cases regardless of the time since vaccination, except that meningoencephalitis and gliosis were subacute in 3 dogs and chronic in 1 dog. However, these differences did not appear to be related to their vaccination status. Immunohistologically, a CDV-positive immunoreaction was seen mainly in astrocytes, neurons and their axons, lymphocytes around and in the blood vessels of the pia mater and choroid plexus, ependymal cells of each ventricle, and the cells of the choroid plexus. The histologic and immunohistologic changes were similar in the cerebellum and cerebrum. The genetic characterization of the virus strains in 2 of these naturally occurring canine distemper cases confirmed that they were South American wild-type strains (Kiki and Uy251) belonging to the EU1/SA1 lineage. These strains are not included in the commercial CDV vaccines available in Uruguay.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Central nervous system lesions caused by canine distemper virus in 4 vaccinated dogs

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…O vírus da cinomose infecta o SNC através de células mononucleares que atravessam a barreira hematoencefálica circulando juntamente com o LCE (Vandevelde & Zurbriggen 2005). Além da quebra desta barreira, a marcada desmielinização em torno dos ventrículos, faz com que haja aumento no TCN e no TP do LCE (Pan et al 2013). Pleocitose linfocítica é a alteração mais comum em cães com cinomose (Amude et al 2007), à semelhança do que observamos neste estudo.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Análise do líquido cérebro-espinhal de três doenças do sistema nervoso central de cães

et al. 2018

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

RESUMO: Foi realizado um estudo retrospectivo do líquido cérebro-espinhal de cães (LCE), atendidos pelo Serviço de Neurologia do Hospital Veterinário da Instituição, de 2004 a 2015, com o objetivo de analisar os resultados de cães com sinais neurológicos, comparar as alterações encontradas em dois locais de colheita no mesmo paciente e verificar se esse exame auxiliou o clínico em reforçar a suspeita clínica das principais doenças do sistema nervoso central. A pleocitose linfocítica esteve presente em 78,3% (29/37) das amostras de cães com cinomose e em 23,2% (10/43) de cães com DDIV. Houve dissociação albuminocitológica (DAC) em 73% (19/26) das amostras de cães com tumores IC e em 64,3% (9/14) de cães com tumores envolvendo a ME. Em cães com DDIV, houve significância estatística (p<0,05) entre o grau de disfunção neurológica e o total de células nucleadas (TCN) e total de proteínas (TP). Em 29 cães, houve a colheita do LCE da cisterna magna e da cisterna lombar e em 12 (41,4%) os resultados foram diferentes entre as duas amostras colhidas do mesmo cão, onde dois (6,9%) apresentaram alteração na amostra colhida cranial à lesão. Pode-se concluir que a pleocitose linfocítica foi a principal alteração encontrada no LCE de cães com cinomose e DDIV e DAC nas neoplasias, IC e ME, cães acometidos pela DDIV apresentaram sinais neurológicos mais severos conforme o TCN e o TP aumentaram e o LCE sofreu alteração, mesmo colhido cranial ao local da lesão e auxiliou o clínico em reforçar a suspeita clínica, mas não confirmou, as principais doenças neurológicas em cães.

show abstract

“…Canine distemper (CD) is still a global epidemic significant infectious disease caused by canine distemper virus (CDV) that belongs to the Morbillivirus genus of the Paramyxoviridae family [ 1 – 3 ]. The natural host spectrum of CDV comprises at least six orders and over 20 families of mammals [ 4 , 5 ], in particular all families of the order Carnivora [ 6 , 7 ], including dogs that are susceptible to infection of CDV [ 8 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Apoptotic investigation of brain tissue cells in dogs naturally infected by canine distemper virus

Pan

Wang

et al. 2021

Virol J

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background Canine distemper caused by canine distemper virus that belongs to the Morbillivirus genus of the Paramyxoviridae family is still a global epidemic significant infectious disease, especially in pet dogs in China and serious harm to the development of the dog industry. It has been known that apoptosis caused by the canine distemper virus can show in culture cells, lymphoid tissues, and the cerebellum. However, its occurrence in brain tissue cells remains unclear. To investigate the relationship among canine distemper infecting brain tissues, apoptosis in brain tissue cells, and demyelinating pathogenesis was investigated. Methods 16 naturally infected dogs that exhibited clinical signs of CD and tested positive for the anti-CDV monoclonal antibody and six healthy dogs that served as the control, were used in the research. Brain specimens were divided into the cerebrum, brain stem, and cerebellum embedded in paraffin and made the sections respectively. Approximately 5 µm-thick sections were stained by hematoxylin–eosin, methyl green pyronin, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling technique, and immunohistochemistry. CDV nucleocapsid protein was detected by immune streptavidin-biotinylated peroxidase complex. Results Alterations in the brain tissues of CDV-infected dogs involved both various cells and nerve fibers. CDV had varying degrees of cytotropism to all brain tissue cells; apoptosis also occurred in all brain cells, especially in the endothelia of cerebral vessels, astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, and ependymal cells, the more serious infection, the more obvious apoptosis. Serious infections also involved the pyramidal and Purkinje cells. The nervous fibers exhibited demyelinating lesions (showed small multifocal vacuole), and some axonal neuron atrophy gradually disappeared (formed large vacuole). Conclusions Apoptosis in brain tissue cells was mainly related to the propagation path and cytotropism of CDV. The apoptosis of astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, and some neurons may play a significant role in the demyelinating pathogenesis in dogs with acute canine distemper. A lot of diverse nervous signs shown in the clinic may be related to different neuron apoptosis.

show abstract

Pathogenesis of Demyelinating Encephalopathy in Dogs with Spontaneous Acute Canine Distemper

Cited by 7 publications

References 30 publications

Central nervous system lesions caused by canine distemper virus in 4 vaccinated dogs

Central nervous system lesions caused by canine distemper virus in 4 vaccinated dogs

Análise do líquido cérebro-espinhal de três doenças do sistema nervoso central de cães

Apoptotic investigation of brain tissue cells in dogs naturally infected by canine distemper virus

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About