Pasture Recolonization by a Tropical Oak and the Regeneration Ecology of Seasonally Dry Tropical Forests

Klemens, Jeffrey A.; Deacon, Nicholas J.; Cavender‐Bares, Jeannine

doi:10.5822/978-1-61091-021-7_13

Cited by 24 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Alternatively, AMF may be vital to the persistence of Q. oleoides during the dry season since AMF are implicated as an adaptation to prolonged drought in other Quercus (Querejeta et al 2009). Understanding the extent to which Q. oleoides seedlings and saplings are colonized by AMF and the functional consequences of these associations should be an important consideration for future conservation in the SDTF, especially in the establishment of Q. oleoides in AMF dominated pastures (Klemens et al 2011).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The comparable levels of EMF diversity in Q. oleoides to other Quercus species suggests that regeneration practices to date (fire suppression) have been successful in conserving common EMF. However, the majority of EMF species were either uncommon or rare, and conserving these taxa may require inoculating Q. oleoides seedlings with specific EMF and oak plantings in pastures (Klemens et al 2011, Komonen et al 2015. Once established, these pastures could comprise reservoirs of EMF species with genes and species that can be exchanged with the Q. oleoides forest.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Studies have also demonstrated that both abiotic factors (e.g., soil fertility; Powers and Pèrez-Aviles 2013) and biotic factors, such as fine root abundance, are important in SDTF regeneration (Hertel et al 2003). By comparison, the potential role(s) of mycorrhizal fungi in shaping the SDTF, especially in regenerating Quercus forests, are less well known (Boucher 1981, Tedersoo et al 2007, Morris et al 2008, Klemens et al 2011, Smith et al 2011 even though Quercus are highly dependent on their mycorrhizal mutualists for resource acquisition and allocation (Egerton-Warburton and Allen 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Studies to date have shown that tropical forests harbor species-rich EMF communities (Mueller and Halling 1995, Tedersoo et al 2007, Morris et al 2008, Peay et al 2009, Smith et al 2011, but see Tedersoo et al 2010a, 2010b, and that EMF networks can enhance seedling establishment and promote monodominance (McGuire 2007). Variations in soil fertility (Peay et al 2015, Waring et al 2016a, 2016b, the size and phenology of the host plants and their distribution on the landscape can also influence EMF diversity (Morris et al 2008, Tedersoo et al 2010a, 2010b, as well as management activities such as fire suppression or restoration plantings that affect EMF host tree availability (Klemens et al 2011). For instance, trees in smaller patch size fragments might host fewer EMF taxa owing to reductions in inoculum potential and limits to root colonization (Peay et al 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Ectomycorrhizal diversity and community structure in stands of Quercus oleoides in the seasonally dry tropical forests of Costa Rica

Desai¹,

Wilson

Powers

et al. 2016

Environ. Res. Lett.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Ectomycorrhizal diversity and community structure in stands of Quercus oleoides in the seasonally dry tropical forests of Costa Rica

Desai¹,

Wilson

Powers

et al. 2016

Environ. Res. Lett.

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“…Seeds were originally collected in 2009 and 2010, then germinated in a nursery and outplanted in a common garden in a randomized complete block design with maternal lineage represented evenly among blocks and individuals randomized within blocks. Half of the blocks, randomized spatially, were watered up to a total of 25 mm per week, a typical rainfall amount found during the dry season in wetter regions of the species range [36,37]. The remaining blocks were not watered.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations of Leaf Spectra with Genetic and Phylogenetic Variation in Oaks: Prospects for Remote Detection of Biodiversity

Cavender‐Bares

Meireles

Couture³

et al. 2016

Remote Sensing

Self Cite

150

138

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Species and phylogenetic lineages have evolved to differ in the way that they acquire and deploy resources, with consequences for their physiological, chemical and structural attributes, many of which can be detected using spectral reflectance from leaves. Recent technological advances for assessing optical properties of plants offer opportunities to detect functional traits of organisms and differentiate levels of biological organization across the tree of life. Here, we connect leaf-level full range spectral data (400-2400 nm) of leaves to the hierarchical organization of plant diversity within the oak genus (Quercus) using field and greenhouse experiments in which environmental factors and plant age are controlled. We show that spectral data significantly differentiate populations within a species and that spectral similarity is significantly associated with phylogenetic similarity among species. We further show that hyperspectral information allows more accurate classification of taxa than spectrally-derived traits, which by definition are of lower dimensionality. Finally, model accuracy increases at higher levels in the hierarchical organization of plant diversity, such that we are able to better distinguish clades than species or populations. This pattern supports an evolutionary explanation for the degree of optical differentiation among plants and demonstrates potential for remote detection of genetic and phylogenetic diversity.

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Consequences of drought severity for tropical live oak (Quercus oleoides) in Mesoamerica

Rambal

Cavender‐Bares

Sparks

et al. 2020

Ecological Applications

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In two Costa Rican and three Honduran sites that vary in rainfall and soil properties, we used natural isotopes, a soil water balance model, and broad‐scale climate‐based drought indices to study shifts in water use with ontogeny from seedlings to mature tropical live oak (Quercus oleoides) trees. Water use patterns help to explain persistence of this broadly distributed species in Mesoamerica and to evaluate likely threats of ongoing climate changes. At the end of the dry season, soil δ18O profiles can be described by one‐phase exponential decay curves. Minimum values reflect geographic origins of the last significant rain event, and curvature is inversely related to canopy closure, demonstrating its role in controlling topsoil evaporation. Partitioning of soil water sources for transpiration was analyzed with a mixing model. In the Costa Rican sites, in a relatively dry year, saplings and mature trees took up water from the upper soil. In a relatively wet year in the Honduran sites, we observed deeper water extraction. In all sites, soil storage dampens extreme variation in water availability. The size dependence of water uptake with larger stems exploiting deeper layers is translated into variation in bulk leaf δ13C‐based water use efficiency (WUE) with the exception of mature trees. From 1932 to 2015, drought severity was evaluated with the Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI) concurrently with simulations of the soil water balance model. Drought occurrence increased, regardless of the time period, averaged across 6, 12, or 24 months. All ontogenetic stages in all populations experienced frequent water limitation. We found evidence for linear trends toward aridification with increases of return periods of drought for October SPEI‐24 declining from 42 to 6 yr in Costa Rica and from 21 to 7 yr in Honduras and recent occurrence of multiyear droughts from 2013 to 2016. October SPEI‐12 and SPEI‐24 were significantly related to the Oceanic Niño Indices demonstrating that local inter‐annual variations in drought severity in Mesoamerica are modulated by large‐scale climate forces. Drought severity in the near‐term future depends on the extent to which the Pacific will adopt a more La Niña‐like vs. a more El Niño‐like state under ongoing climatic changes.

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Pasture Recolonization by a Tropical Oak and the Regeneration Ecology of Seasonally Dry Tropical Forests

Cited by 24 publications

References 39 publications

Ectomycorrhizal diversity and community structure in stands of Quercus oleoides in the seasonally dry tropical forests of Costa Rica

Ectomycorrhizal diversity and community structure in stands of Quercus oleoides in the seasonally dry tropical forests of Costa Rica

Associations of Leaf Spectra with Genetic and Phylogenetic Variation in Oaks: Prospects for Remote Detection of Biodiversity

Consequences of drought severity for tropical live oak (Quercus oleoides) in Mesoamerica

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