Passive and active microfluidic separation methods

Shiri, Farhad; Feng, Haidong; Gale, Bruce K.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-85486-3.00013-5

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 106 publications

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“…The particle-to-separate volume is the closed system we are interested in separating, and its intrinsic properties will react to the applied force. For practical purposes, the particle volume (V p ) usually assumes that the cells and bioparticles are perfect spheres [37]. There is no such perfect morphology for cells.…”

Section: General Considerations and Parameters For Active Separationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In recent years, there have been interesting reviews of passive separation methods that cover a myriad of microfluidic techniques and applications for separating different types of bioparticles [36][37][38][39]. This review by no means intends to cover passive microfluidic separation theory or methods but instead encourages the reader to consider what metrics they should report when proposing a new microfluidic separation device, irrespective of which microfluidic separation technique they used.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Microfluidic Blood Separation: Key Technologies and Critical Figures of Merit

Torres-Castro,

Acuña-Umaña,

Lesser-Rojas

et al. 2023

Micromachines

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Blood is a complex sample comprised mostly of plasma, red blood cells (RBCs), and other cells whose concentrations correlate to physiological or pathological health conditions. There are also many blood-circulating biomarkers, such as circulating tumor cells (CTCs) and various pathogens, that can be used as measurands to diagnose certain diseases. Microfluidic devices are attractive analytical tools for separating blood components in point-of-care (POC) applications. These platforms have the potential advantage of, among other features, being compact and portable. These features can eventually be exploited in clinics and rapid tests performed in households and low-income scenarios. Microfluidic systems have the added benefit of only needing small volumes of blood drawn from patients (from nanoliters to milliliters) while integrating (within the devices) the steps required before detecting analytes. Hence, these systems will reduce the associated costs of purifying blood components of interest (e.g., specific groups of cells or blood biomarkers) for studying and quantifying collected blood fractions. The microfluidic blood separation field has grown since the 2000s, and important advances have been reported in the last few years. Nonetheless, real POC microfluidic blood separation platforms are still elusive. A widespread consensus on what key figures of merit should be reported to assess the quality and yield of these platforms has not been achieved. Knowing what parameters should be reported for microfluidic blood separations will help achieve that consensus and establish a clear road map to promote further commercialization of these devices and attain real POC applications. This review provides an overview of the separation techniques currently used to separate blood components for higher throughput separations (number of cells or particles per minute). We present a summary of the critical parameters that should be considered when designing such devices and the figures of merit that should be explicitly reported when presenting a device’s separation capabilities. Ultimately, reporting the relevant figures of merit will benefit this growing community and help pave the road toward commercialization of these microfluidic systems.

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Section: General Considerations and Parameters For Active Separationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microfluidic Blood Separation: Key Technologies and Critical Figures of Merit

Torres-Castro,

Acuña-Umaña,

Lesser-Rojas

et al. 2023

Micromachines

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“…Passive methods include inertial focusing, deterministic lateral displacement, hydrodynamic filtration, and viscoelastic separation [27][28][29][30]. Zeming et al presented the asymmetrical deterministic lateral displacement (DLD) method for enhancing the separation and throughput of red blood cells (RBCs) [31].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Low-Cost Laser-Prototyped Microfluidic Device for Separating Cells and Bacteria

Gucluer,

Guler

2023

Applied Sciences

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Simple and rapid fabrication of microfluidic devices can enable widespread implementation of lab-on-chip devices in resource-limited environments. However, currently most of the microfluidic devices are fabricated in cleanroom facilities that are well-funded and not accessible to most of the researchers in developing countries. Herein, a simple, low-cost, and reliable method is shown to fabricate microfluidic devices for separating cells and bacteria-size microparticles. For this purpose, serpentine and spiral microfluidic channels are designed and fabricated using rapid laser prototyping. This single inlet microfluidic device is shown to successfully separate yeast cells and smaller microparticles with an efficiency of 85% which is very promising for many lab-on-chip applications including cell-based diagnostics and therapeutics.

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“…The combination of microfluidics and cell separation has unlocked new prospects in studying intricate cellular processes. Based on their operational principles, microfluidic cell separation techniques can be classified into passive and active methods [10]. Passive methods harness the power of meticulous channel structures, hydrodynamic forces, and steric interactions to manipulate particles via various mechanisms, such as deterministic lateral displacement (DLD) [11], pinch flow fractionation (PFF), hydrodynamic filtration, and inertial and secondary flow [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%