Participatory Approaches

Barreteau, Olivier; Bots, Pieter W. G.; Daniell, Katherine A.; Étienne, Michel; Perez, Pascal; Barnaud, Cécile; Bazile, Didier; Bécu, Nicolas; Castella, Jean-Christophe; Daré, William’s; Trébuil, Guy

doi:10.1007/978-3-540-93813-2_10

Cited by 38 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…With respect to representing actual complex systems using soft system tools, the debate, i.e., simplification versus realism, remains and is understudied (Voinov and Bousquet 2010). Nevertheless, Barreteau et al (2013) suggested the following indicators to assess the quality of the tools used, which we considered in the RPG:…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Grazing game: a learning tool for adaptive management in response to climate variability in semiarid areas of Ghana

Villamor¹,

Badmos²

2016

E&S

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ABSTRACT. In West Africa, the most extreme predicted effects of climate change are expected to occur in desert and grassland areas. It is crucial for local populations in this region to better understand what such projections signify to them to identify sound adaptation policies and interventions. We developed a game, called the "grazing game," and conducted trials with local farmers at multiple study sites as a learning tool to better understand their behavior in response to climate variability under semiarid conditions in West Africa and to facilitate social learning. The grazing game was designed to reveal the processes that lead to overgrazing and desertification based on the players' interactions with environmental conditions and their resulting decisions. We conducted a total of 23 game trials around the Vea catchment of the Upper East Region of Ghana involving 243 individual farmers. From the games, local farmers exhibited a very positive response to how the game replicated rainfall fluctuations that they currently experience and led to the identification of coping strategies, such as selling cows, seeking government assistance, and engaging in alternative livelihood means. Participating farmers tended to avoid uncertain situations and sought to simplify their decisions, and the game provided insight into the rich local ecological knowledge of environmental indicators. Based on the game trial results, we found that the game facilitated instrumental and communicative learning among the players and facilitators. Further, the game served as a platform where players could share their views, knowledge, and perceptions of climate-related issues.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Grazing game: a learning tool for adaptive management in response to climate variability in semiarid areas of Ghana

Villamor¹,

Badmos²

2016

E&S

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“…Moreover, the turn towards the language of participation in politics creates an expectation of actual participation. Methods such as participatory modelling, where stakeholders are brought into model development and evaluation, offer powerful tools for bringing together communities and the public into decision-making [4].…”

Section: Sociology and Policymentioning

confidence: 99%

Sociology and Non-Equilibrium Social Science

Anzola

Barbrook-Johnson

Salgado

et al. 2017

Understanding Complex Systems

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This chapter addresses the relationship between sociology and NonEquilibrium Social Science (NESS). Sociology is a multiparadigmatic discipline with significant disagreement regarding its goals and status as a scientific discipline. Different theories and methods coexist temporally and geographically. However, it has always aimed at identifying the main factors that explain the temporal stability of norms, institutions and individuals' practices; and the dynamics of institutional change and the conflicts brought about by power relations, economic and cultural inequality and class struggle. Sociologists considered equilibrium could not sufficiently explain the constitutive, maintaining and dissolving dynamics of society as a whole. As a move from the formal apparatus for the study of equilibrium, NESS does not imply a major shift from traditional sociological theory. Complex features have long been articulated in sociological theorization, and sociology embraces the complexity principles of NESS through its growing attention to complex adaptive systems and non-equilibrium sciences, with human societies seen as highly complex, path-dependent, far-from equilibrium, and selforganising systems. In particular, Agent-Based Modelling provides a more coherent inclusion of NESS and complexity principles into sociology. Agent-based sociology uses data and statistics to gauge the 'generative sufficiency' of a given microspecification by testing the agreement between 'real-world' and computer generated macrostructures. When the model cannot generate the outcome to be explained, the microspecification is not a viable candidate explanation. The separation between the explanatory and pragmatic aspects of social science has led sociologists to be highly critical about the implementation of social science in policy. However, ABM allows systematic exploration of the consequences of modelling assumptions and makes it possible to model much more complex phenomena than previously. ABM has proved particularly useful in representing socio-technical and socio-ecological systems, with the potential to be of use in policy. ABM offers formalized knowledge that can appear familiar to policymakers versed in the methods and language of economics, with the prospect of sociology becoming more influential in policy.

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“…Previous reviews about participatory elements in modeling projects (e.g., Barreteau et al 2010;Voinov and Bousquet 2010;Barreteau et al 2013) proposed categorizations and identified functions of participation in modeling projects. In contrast, for instance, Schmitt Olabisi et al (2014) took a different perspective, focusing on the functions of models, and modeling within participatory projects (for example, knowledge integration, addressing types of uncertainties, and generating consensus among stakeholders).…”

Section: Participatory Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The perspective purported by these categorizations is more consistent with the ''truth to power'' idea by participatory methods, indicating that process governance is with the researcher (see also Henriksen et al 2009). Barreteau et al (2013) identified three basic expectations (as they called it) of participatory approaches in modeling. First, one expects to upgrade the quality of a simulation model.…”

Section: Functional-dynamic Perspective On Participatory Processesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The answer is often taken for granted or not explicitly addressed. For instance, Barreteau et al (2013) discussed the levels of participation and phases of different intensities, including the role of power, but did not explicitly reflect on this ''ladder'' notion, whether more participation yields better results. Since it is not obvious that collaboration is generally better than information or consultation, such an assumption should probably be relaxed and reflected on more intensely (Krütli et al 2010).…”

Section: Functional-dynamic Perspective On Participatory Processesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A functional-dynamic reflection on participatory processes in modeling projects

Seidl

2015

Ambio

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The participation of nonscientists in modeling projects/studies is increasingly employed to fulfill different functions. However, it is not well investigated if and how explicitly these functions and the dynamics of a participatory process are reflected by modeling projects in particular. In this review study, I explore participatory modeling projects from a functional-dynamic process perspective. The main differences among projects relate to the functions of participation-most often, more than one per project can be identified, along with the degree of explicit reflection (i.e., awareness and anticipation) on the dynamic process perspective. Moreover, two main approaches are revealed: participatory modeling covering diverse approaches and companion modeling. It becomes apparent that the degree of reflection on the participatory process itself is not always explicit and perfectly visible in the descriptions of the modeling projects. Thus, the use of common protocols or templates is discussed to facilitate project planning, as well as the publication of project results. A generic template may help, not in providing details of a project or model development, but in explicitly reflecting on the participatory process. It can serve to systematize the particular project's approach to stakeholder collaboration, and thus quality management.

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Participatory Approaches

Cited by 38 publications

References 53 publications

Grazing game: a learning tool for adaptive management in response to climate variability in semiarid areas of Ghana

Grazing game: a learning tool for adaptive management in response to climate variability in semiarid areas of Ghana

Sociology and Non-Equilibrium Social Science

A functional-dynamic reflection on participatory processes in modeling projects

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