Partially reduced SnO 2 nanoparticles anchored on carbon nanofibers for high performance sodium-ion batteries

C/Sn/RGO Nanocomposites as Higher Initial Coulombic Efficiency Anode for Sodium‐Ion Batteries

“…The theoretical initial coulombic efficiency is only 48.4% (1378 mAh g −1 of SnO 2 to 667 mAh g −1 ).In the preparation of the whole battery, the cathode and the anode will be matched out of balance, resulting in a large number of cathode material wastes . Although great advances have been achieved, the issues caused by the formation of the irreversible and insulating Na 2 O matrix have yet to be fundamentally resolved . The metal Sn in the reaction process does not form inactive substances, which has little effect on the initial coulombic efficiency.…”

Amorphous Tin Oxide Nanohelix Structure Based Electrode for Highly Reversible Na-Ion Batteries

“…The SIB with the a-SnO x NH electrode has a reversible specific capacity (Figure c), more than 900 mA h g –1 , which is an excellent electrochemical performance for SIBs with tin oxide-based anodes without any carbon additives. ,,,− Such excellent electrochemical performance could be attributed to the combination of the following factors: (i) intrinsic properties, i.e ., an amorphous phase with a low oxidation state of a-SnO x deposited by e-beam evaporation under a high-vacuum condition, which lowers the kinetic barrier for efficient electrochemical reactions, and (ii) the geometrical structure, i.e ., a vertically aligned NH array with a large surface area and high porosity obtained by OAD, which facilitates Na-ion dynamics and effectively accommodates the volume change. It is worth noting that such an excellent performance was obtained without using any additional carbon-based materials, and it was realized by a solution-free, organic-surfactant-free fabrication process.…”

“…(a) Cycle life (25 mA g –1 for the first 5 cycles and 100 mA g –1 for further cycles) and (b) rate capability profiles of the SIBs with a-SnO x NH, c-SnO 2 NP, and c-SnO NP electrodes. (c) Comparison of the electrochemical performance of the electrode examined in this study with previously reported tin oxide-based anodes for SIBs. ,,,− …”

Preparation and Electrochemical Performance of Reduced Graphene and SnO2 Nanospheres Composite Materials for Lithium‐Ion Batteries and Sodium‐Ion Batteries

“…Meanwhile, the charge and discharge curves are consistent with the CV curve platform. [35,36] As shown in Figure 8c, the rate performance of the SnO 2 NPs/ rGO-1, SnO 2 NPs/rGO-2 and SnO 2 NPs composite materials were evaluated under different current densities from 100 to 1000 mA g À 1 . The discharge capacities of the composite electrodes are 236, 218, 176, and 118 mA h g À 1 at the current densities of 100, 200, 500, and 1000 mA g À 1 , respectively.…”