Paroxysmal sympathetic hyperactivity during traumatic brain injury

Jafari, Amirhossein Azari; Shah, Muffaqam; Mirmoeeni, Seyyedmohammadsadeq; Hassani, Maryam Sadat; Nazari, Shahrzad; Fielder, Tristan; Godoy, Daniel Agustín; Seifi, Ali

doi:10.1016/j.clineuro.2021.107081

Cited by 22 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 74 publications

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“…Además del tratamiento farmacológico, un pilar esencial el manejo de estos pacientes es el tratamiento de soporte. Se debe iniciar una fisioterapia precoz, asegurar una nutrición de calidad, prevenir las consecuencias de una inmovilización prolongada y controlar la temperatura corporal para evitar complicaciones derivadas como son las alteraciones electrolíticas, deshidratación, contracturas u osificación heterotópica [11]. Estas complicaciones, en caso de no ser tratadas correctamente y prolongarse en el tiempo, podrían ser responsables de un mayor número de muertes que los propios paroxismos [12].…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Hiperactividad simpática paroxística en el paciente neurocrítico. Un reto diagnóstico y terapéutico

Andres¹,

Argüelles²,

Avilés³

et al. 2023

Rev. chil. anest.

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Section: Discussionunclassified

Hiperactividad simpática paroxística en el paciente neurocrítico. Un reto diagnóstico y terapéutico

Andres¹,

Argüelles²,

Avilés³

et al. 2023

Rev. chil. anest.

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“…Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide, specifically in developing countries where its incidence remains high (7.9 million cases/year) [1]. The etiologies of TBI are varied, and its pathophysiology can lead to a large array of clinical symptoms such as paroxysmal sympathetic hyperactivity (PSH), seen in 80% of the cases of TBI [1,2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Wilder Penfield first described the clinical features of PSH after TBI in 1929 considering that it likely had an epileptic cause [1,3]. He named the syndrome mesencephalic seizure or diencephalic autonomic seizure [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The lack of clear definition and adequate terminology explains the underrecognition of the syndrome despite its high incidence, as well as the slow progress in understanding its pathophysiology [1,3]. For many years, physicians failed to distinguish the association between parasympathetic and sympathetic hyperactivity and pure sympathetic hyperactivity [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Paroxysmal Sympathetic Hyperactivity After Traumatic Brain Injury: What Is Important to Know?

Louraoui¹,

Fliyou²,

Aasfara³

et al. 2022

Cureus

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Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality. The etiologies of TBI are varied and its complications can lead to paroxysmal sympathetic hyperactivity that was first described as a "sympathetic storm" or "diencephalic autonomic seizure." The clinical manifestations are rapid and sudden onset of sympathetic hyperactivity characterized by tachycardia, systolic hypertension, hyperthermia, tachypnea, and diaphoresis, all summarized in the latest and most accepted diagnostic criteria. The pathophysiology remains controversial with many theories proposed. Given the clinical manifestations, the complications, outcomes, and lack of popularity of the syndrome, we report a case treated in our institution and review the current pathophysiology and treatment options.

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“…Несмотря на значительный интерес специалистов к изучению синдрома ПСГА, многие вопросы остаются не до конца ясными: какие механизмы запускают и поддерживают его развитие, по каким критериям лучше проводить диагностику, дифференциальную диагностику, оценивать тяжесть течения, как осуществлять профилактику и подбор адекватной терапии [10,33,[77][78][79]. Хотя ПСГА является частым осложнением тяжелого повреждения ГМ, со структурированием данных существуют сложности в связи с отсутствием стандартизации диагностики и лечения [10,33,79,80].…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Paroxysmal Sympathetic Hyperactivity Syndrome (Review)

Tsentsiper

Terekhov

Шевелев

et al. 2022

Obŝaâ reanimatologiâ

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Paroxysmal sympathetic hyperactivity (PSH) is one of the complications of acute severe brain injuries (traumatic brain injury, intracranial hemorrhage, ischemia, and posthypoxic conditions) in both adults and children. Its high incidence and severe sequelae including organ dysfunction, infectious complications, impaired blood supply to organs and tissues associate with increased disability and mortality. The choice of effective therapy can be challenging because of multifaceted manifestations, diagnostic diﬃculties, and lack of a clear understanding of the pathophysiology of PSH. Currently, there are various local and international treatment strategies for PSH.The aim of the review is to summarize clinical and scientific research data on diagnosis and treatment of PSH to aid in the selection of an effective therapy.Material and methods. Web of Science, Scopus and RSCI databases were employed to select 80 sources containing relevant clinical and research data on the subject of this review.Results. The key principles of diagnosis and treatment of paroxysmal sympathetic hyperactivity have been reviewed. The current views on etiology and pathogenesis of paroxysmal sympathetic hyperactivity development were outlined. The clinical data concerning complications and sequelae of paroxysmal sympathetic hyperactivity were analyzed. We conclude the review with a discussion of current methods of the syndrome prevention.Conclusion. Preventing PSH and its adequate and prompt treatment could help avoid the abnormal pathway development following a severe brain injury, reduce its negative consequences and rate of complications, along with the duration of mechanical lung ventilation, patient's stay in ICU, disability and mortality rates. Careful selection of pathogenetic, symptomatic and supportive therapy significantly improves the rehabilitation potential of patients.

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Paroxysmal sympathetic hyperactivity during traumatic brain injury

Cited by 22 publications

References 74 publications

Hiperactividad simpática paroxística en el paciente neurocrítico. Un reto diagnóstico y terapéutico

Hiperactividad simpática paroxística en el paciente neurocrítico. Un reto diagnóstico y terapéutico

Paroxysmal Sympathetic Hyperactivity After Traumatic Brain Injury: What Is Important to Know?

Paroxysmal Sympathetic Hyperactivity Syndrome (Review)

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