Parenting sense of competence in mothers of children with autism: Associations with parental expectations and levels of family support needs

Arellano, Araceli; Denne, Louise D.; Hastings, Richard P.; Hughes, J. Carl

doi:10.3109/13668250.2017.1350838

Cited by 33 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…The mean overall level of PTG was high, falling within sten score 7. This finding supports the idea that mothers of children with developmental problems have positive experiences related to parenthood (Lloyd and Hastings, 2009; Arellano et al, 2017). The fact that all participants were female may have contributed to such a high level of PTG.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

“…There is, however, a lot of variation in how mothers respond to their child’s diagnosis of ID, since parenting tends to also be associated with positive experiences (Lloyd and Hastings, 2009; Arellano et al, 2017). Some researchers have reported posttraumatic growth (PTG) in the mothers (Konrad, 2006; Phelps et al, 2009; Zhang et al, 2013; Counselman-Carpenter, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms and Posttraumatic Growth in Mothers of Children With Intellectual Disability – The Role of Intrusive and Deliberate Ruminations: A Preliminary Report

2019

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BackgroundThe aim of this study was to find out if mothers of children with intellectual disability (ID) demonstrate symptoms of posttraumatic stress and posttraumatic growth (PTG), and to define the role of intrusive and deliberate ruminations in this area.MethodsThe questionnaire-based study included 85 mothers of children with ID. Three standardized questionnaires were used: Impact of Event Scale-Revised, PTG Inventory, Event-Related Rumination Scale.ResultsRelative to the population norm in Poland, 52% of mothers of children with ID demonstrated at least moderate level of symptoms of posttraumatic stress. The mean level of PTG was high in this group. Intrusive ruminations and mothers’ age served as a predictor for posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS). None of the types of rumination correlated with PTG.ConclusionMothers of children with ID demonstrated symptoms of both posttraumatic stress and PTG. Intrusive ruminations proved to be significant predictors for PTSS.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms and Posttraumatic Growth in Mothers of Children With Intellectual Disability – The Role of Intrusive and Deliberate Ruminations: A Preliminary Report

2019

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“…Parenting sense of competence is a construct that has emerged as having a significant impact on parental wellbeing among parents of children with autism. Greater scores on dimensions of parenting competence including parents’ satisfaction with the role of parents and perceived self-efficacy is associated with improved parental wellbeing[ 12 , 15 , 16 ]. The limited research to date suggests no difference in perceived satisfaction with the parenting role and a third dimension, interest and engagement with the parenting role, but increased sense of parenting efficacy in a small sample of mothers of children with autism compared with the normative data of Rogers and Matthews[ 17 , 18 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While some studies have found it to be a significant contributor to lower parental wellbeing[ 19 , 20 ], other studies have found limited evidence for a link between parental wellbeing and symptom severity[ 21 - 23 ]. The one study examining the relationship between ASD severity and parenting sense of competency suggested that there is lower sense of satisfaction with the parenting role with increased symptom severity of ASD[ 15 ]. Some research has attributed the high level of psychological distress among parents of children with autism to the core traits of social communication deficits[ 10 , 24 ] and restrictive, repetitive behaviours[ 24 - 26 ] in their children.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parenting preschoolers with autism: Socioeconomic influences on wellbeing and sense of competence

Mathew

Burton

Schierbeek

et al. 2019

WJP

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BACKGROUNDPrevious research suggests that parents raising a child with autism experience higher levels of psychological distress than parents of typically developing children and parents of children with other developmental disorders. Little is known, however, about the intersection between the effects of socioeconomic status (SES) on the wellbeing and sense of parental competency of parents of pre-schoolers with autism and how it relates to child symptom severity.AIMTo examine the relationship between their child’s symptom severity, SES, as measured by neighbourhood advantage and occupational status, on the psychological wellbeing and perceived parenting competence among parents of preschoolers with autism.METHODSParents of 117 preschool-aged children with a diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder (ASD), 107 mothers and 54 fathers, completed questionnaires about their child’s symptoms of ASD and functioning, their own perceptions of their wellbeing and parental competence on entry to an early intervention program in Sydney, Australia. Parents also provided demographic information pertaining to their occupation, level of education attained and address (postcode). All children were also assessed for their severity of symptoms using the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule. The Australian Socioeconomic Index of occupational status as a measure of familial SES and the Index of Relative Socio-economic Advantage and Disadvantage as a measure of neighbourhood advantage were used to examine the impact of SES on parental sense of competence and wellbeing.RESULTSCompared to normative populations, both mothers and fathers in our sample reported significantly higher levels of parenting sense of efficacy but lower levels of interest in the parenting role. Mothers also displayed higher levels of satisfaction. Both mothers and fathers displayed higher levels of depression than normative populations with mothers also reporting greater levels of stress and anxiety. Child symptom severity was associated with maternal parenting competency with these relationships amplified among mothers with higher familial SES and who lived in areas of greater neighbourhood advantage. Increased adaptive functioning was associated with better maternal wellbeing, particularly among mothers who lived in areas of greater neighbourhood advantage. Contrastingly, paternal parenting competence was generally not influenced by child adaptive functioning or symptom severity, although for those in higher familial SES brackets, children’s symptom severity and maladaptive symptoms were negatively related to paternal sense of parenting efficacy. There was a trend towards moderate relationships between lower familial SES and greater depression, stress and anxiety among fathers, but no relationship with their child’s ASD symptom severity or functioning.CONCLUSIONSES differentially impacts wellbeing and sense of parenting competence and its relationship to the impact of child symptoms for mothers and fathers of preschoolers with autism.

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“…In these studies, the instruments used for assessing parental competence in parents of children with autism have been formats originally designed to evaluate parental competence in parents of healthy children or parents of children with other disorders (Samadi et al, 2013;Sarabi Jamab et al, 2011). The Parenting Sense of Competence Scale and the Maternal Self-Efficacy Scale are the most commonly used instruments to measure parental competence in parents of children with autism (Arellano, Denne, Hastings, & Hughes, 2017;Mohammadi, Rakhshan, Molazem, Zareh, & Gillespie, 2018;Ringland, Wolf, Faucett, Dombrowski, & Hayes, 2016;Sarabi Jamab et al, 2011) Although these instruments are validated for use with the parents of children with autism (Samadi et al, 2013;Sarabi Jamab et al, 2011), the many behavioral-developmental problems associated with the condition exposes these parents to extreme physical and emotional stress Mohammadi, Rakhshan, Molazem, Zareh, & Gillespie, 2018) In addition, the parental role for these individuals is also influenced by factors wider than their experience as a parent . Therefore, there is a need for a specific instrument to measure parental competence that has been developed to reflect the experiences of parents who care for children with autism.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of Parental Competence Scale in Parents of Children with Autism

Mohammadi

Rakhshan

Molazem

et al. 2020

Journal of Pediatric Nursing

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The purpose of this study is to develop and psychometrically of parental competence scale in parents of children with autism. Design & methods: This mixed-methods design with a sequential exploratory approach was conducted in May 2017 until June 2018 in the south of Iran. In the first phase, a conventional content analysis method was performed with the participation of 16 parents of children with autism. Interviews were held in the autism association offices in an urban area of Iran. In the second phase, validity and reliability of this instrument were assessed with 300 parents of children with autism. Results: During content validity testing, 12 items were deleted. Content validity ratio and index were 0.75 and 0.85, respectively. In face validity, impact scores for all items were reported as N1.5. Factor analysis led to the development of a 2-factor solution accounting for 71.4% of the observed variance. Reliability of the instrument using the calculation of the Cronbach's alpha coefficient was reported as 0.98 for the entire instrument. No statistically significant difference was reported between the pre and post-test scores of parental competence (p = 0.46). The parental competence scale demonstrated acceptable psychometric properties. Conclusion: The parental competence scale demonstrated acceptable psychometric properties. Therefore, this scale can be used for assessing parental competence in parents of children with autism. Practice implications: This scale can be used in future research and for educational and practical purposes with the aim of identifying parents' issues and improving the quality of life of parents of children with autism.

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Parenting sense of competence in mothers of children with autism: Associations with parental expectations and levels of family support needs

Cited by 33 publications

References 32 publications

Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms and Posttraumatic Growth in Mothers of Children With Intellectual Disability – The Role of Intrusive and Deliberate Ruminations: A Preliminary Report

Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms and Posttraumatic Growth in Mothers of Children With Intellectual Disability – The Role of Intrusive and Deliberate Ruminations: A Preliminary Report

Parenting preschoolers with autism: Socioeconomic influences on wellbeing and sense of competence

Development of Parental Competence Scale in Parents of Children with Autism

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