Parasutterella secunda sp. nov., isolated from human faeces and proposal of Sutterellaceae fam. nov. in the order Burkholderiales

Abstract

A novel, strictly anaerobic, non-spore-forming, Gram-reaction-negative coccobacillus bacterium, designated strain YIT 12071 T , was isolated from human faeces. Biochemically, this strain was largely unreactive and asaccharolytic. Growth of this strain in peptone-yeast-extract broth was weak, producing no visible turbidity, and no short-chain fatty acids were detected as an end product of metabolism. Following 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, strain YIT 12071 T was found to be most closely related to Parasutterella excrementihominis (90 % sequence similarity) and phylogenetically distinct from other known genera belonging to the order Burkholderiales. Biochemical data supported the affiliation of this strain with the genus Parasutterella. Strain YIT 12071 T , therefore, represents a novel species of the genus Parasutterella, for which the name Parasutterella secunda sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is YIT 12071 T (5DSM 22575 T 5JCM 16078 T ). On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, species of the genera Sutterella and Parasutterella form a distinct and deep evolutionary lineage of descent in the order Burkholderiales. This lineage could not be associated with any of the four known families of the order Burkholderiales. The distinct phylogenetic position and the unusual combination of chemotaxonomic characteristics shared by these genera, such as the predominant quinones and cellular fatty acid compositions, suggest that they constitute a novel family in the order Burkholderiales, for which the name Sutterellaceae fam. nov. is proposed to accommodate the genera Sutterella and Parasutterella.The human intestinal microbiota is a complex ecosystem containing hundreds of microbial species, a substantial proportion of which have not yet been cultured. Recent molecular ecological studies based on rRNA gene sequences have revealed that members of nine bacterial phyla were found to inhabit the human gastrointestinal tract, two of which, Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes, are dominant (see review Rajilić-Stojanović et al., 2007). The phylum Proteobacteria is usually secondary in numbers of bacteria present and members of the classes Alpha-, Beta-, Gamma-, Deltaand Epsilonproteobacteria have also been identified by using molecular techniques (Eckburg et al., 2005). Species of Proteobacteria such as Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Enterobacter cloacae as well as some species of Proteus and Citrobacter have been identified, using conventional culture techniques, as members of the human intestinal microbiota (Finegold et al., 1974;Holdeman et al., 1976;Moore & Holdeman, 1974) and are all species belonging to the class Gammaproteobacteria. The species Sutterella wadsworthensis (Wexler et al., 1996; Engberg et al., 2000), Sutterella parvirubra and Parasutterella excrementihominis ) are also present but belong to the order Burkholderiales in the class Betaproteobacteria and were isolated during the course of several intensive cultivation trials aimed at isolating so-called 'unculturable' or 'as-yet-unculture...

Monomethylmercury degradation by the human gut microbiota is stimulated by protein amendments

“…A more detailed analysis of the changes in the microbial community structure showed that individual A exhibited a significant increase in Sutterellaceae and Acidaminococcaceae (0.44 → 15.34%) in the protein-rich medium after 48 hr of treatment (Table 1) that was not observed for individual B (Table 1). Both bacterial families are known to be commensal of the human gut (D'Auria et al, 2011;Morotomi et al, 2011).…”

Changes in Intestinal Microbiota of Type 2 Diabetes in Mice in Response to Dietary Supplementation With Instant Tea or Matcha

“…Sutterellaceae and Rikenellaceae are both increased in diabetic mice. Sutterellaceae are Gram negative, oxidase-and catalase-negative bacteria that grow under microaerophilic or anaerobic conditions (44), belonging to the phylum Proteobacteria. Proteobacteria is a major phylum of Gram-negative bacteria, including a wide variety of pathogens, such as Escherichia, Salmonella, Helicobacter, Yersinia, etc.…”

Lipo‐Protein Emulsion Structure in the Diet Affects Protein Digestion Kinetics, Intestinal Mucosa Parameters and Microbiota Composition

“…Among the other bacterial groups significantly impacted by the lipoprotein emulsion structure, Sutterella and Parasutterella proportions significantly increased under the GCE diet. Both genera contain bile acids resistant species . We previously proposed that lipids in GCE diet are less digestible .…”

“…Both genera contain bile acids resistant species. [54,55] We previously proposed that lipids in GCE diet are less digestible. [23,24] They may require longer exposure to bile acids in the digestive system for complete absorption.…”