Parasitic Infections

Abstract

Parasitic infections of the gastrointestinal tract are a cause of morbidity to millions of individuals worldwide. These parasites are endemic in underdeveloped countries with poor sanitation allowing for spread through contaminated water supplies. While much is known about these parasites, the cutaneous manifestations caused by infection are infrequently reported in the literature. The deposition of the parasites into the perianal region often leads to significant skin irritation. Cutaneous findings vary from a mild pruritus ani to a macular rash to even severe perianal ulceration. This article discusses the perianal cutaneous findings caused by the parasitic illnesses, amebiasis, schistosomiasis, Enterobius vermicularis, strongyloidiasis, and cutaneous larva migrans, as well as their respective management.

Cloning, characterization, and inhibition of the novel β-carbonic anhydrase from parasitic blood fluke, Schistosoma mansoni

“…Schistosomiasis and amoebiasis (intestinal infection caused by E. histolytica ) are endemic in the same areas of the world 70 and coinfections are not unusual 71 , , 72 leading to the conclusion of achievable benefits from treating the infections with only one drug: less adverse side effects for the patient, better treatment compliance, and lower costs for the society. SmaBCA and EhiCA are both well-inhibited with many anion and sulphonamide derivatives.…”

Vaginal or Fecal Contamination Which Contributes to Parasite Existence in Urine Sediment

“…Asymptomatic Enterobiasis or Oxyuriasis occurred, approximately 30 to 40% of infested patients do not show any clinical symptoms of the disease [108]. For symptomatic patients, the most common presenting symptom is nocturnal pruritus ani and with addition of possible perineal pruritus [109]. The worms emerge from the anal canal at night till dawn in order to lay down their eggs in the perianal region; thus, pruritus is worst at those times.…”

Management and Incidence of Enterobius vermicularis Infestation in Appendectomy Specimens: A Cross-Sectional Study of 6359 Appendectomies

“…Enterobius vermicularis , also known as pinworm or Oxyuris vermicularis , is a common parasite found in nearly 200 million people around the world [ 7 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 ]. Infection with Enterobius vermicularis is prevalent worldwide regardless of geographic and socioeconomic circumstances, with a higher incidence in the pediatric population and people living in crowded residential areas [ 10 , 13 , 14 ].…”

“…Enterobius vermicularis , also known as pinworm or Oxyuris vermicularis , is a common parasite found in nearly 200 million people around the world [ 7 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 ]. Infection with Enterobius vermicularis is prevalent worldwide regardless of geographic and socioeconomic circumstances, with a higher incidence in the pediatric population and people living in crowded residential areas [ 10 , 13 , 14 ]. Enterobiasis, a parasitic infection caused by the pinworm Enterobius vermicularis , is characterized by symptoms such as perianal itching, insomnia, restlessness, loss of appetite, weight loss, irritability, stomach pain and nausea, and it can manifest as vulvovaginitis, ileocolitis, mesenteric abscess, salpingitis and appendicitis or be asymptomatic [ 14 , 15 ].…”

“…Infection with Enterobius vermicularis is prevalent worldwide regardless of geographic and socioeconomic circumstances, with a higher incidence in the pediatric population and people living in crowded residential areas [ 10 , 13 , 14 ]. Enterobiasis, a parasitic infection caused by the pinworm Enterobius vermicularis , is characterized by symptoms such as perianal itching, insomnia, restlessness, loss of appetite, weight loss, irritability, stomach pain and nausea, and it can manifest as vulvovaginitis, ileocolitis, mesenteric abscess, salpingitis and appendicitis or be asymptomatic [ 14 , 15 ]. In addition, enterobiasis has been shown to cause the formation of granulomas in the kidney, peritoneal cavity, female genital tract, male urinary tract and appendix, often leading to misdiagnosis of the disease itself [ 7 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 ].…”