Paraphilias and paraphilic disorders: diagnosis, assessment and management

Yakeley, Jessica; Wood, Heather

doi:10.1192/apt.bp.113.011197

Cited by 28 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…Consistent with the notion that negative temperament may lead to a heightened risk of deviant interest and behavior (Agnew, 2002), experiencing negative emotions (e.g., frustration, rejection, ridicule, isolation, depression, and anger) was found to be an important factor associated with developing an interest in eight paraphilic activities (i.e., exhibitionism, scatologia, fetishism, urophilia, scatophilia, hebephilia, pedophilia, and zoophilia). As maladaptive corrective actions to cope with dysphoric feelings, paraphilic interests and subsequent paraphilic behavior may give an individual a strong sense of positive emotions (Yakeley & Wood, 2014). Paraphilic interests and activities can be a form of retreat from unwanted emotions (e.g., anxiety and sadness), where behavioral habituation is possible (Hickey, 2002;Levine, Risen, & Althof, 1990).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Such corrective action aims to restore an individual's emotional equilibrium (i.e., positive emotions, such as excitement, control, and satisfaction). Paraphilic interests and subsequent behaviors may bestow a powerful sense of positive emotions, which may become habitual and dominate an individual's social and interpersonal relationships (Hickey, 2002;Yakeley & Wood, 2014). Levine and colleagues (1990) argued that paraphilias are a form of defense against dysphoric feelings (e.g., strains), in which paraphilic interests and activities are regarded as a form of retreat from unwanted emotions such as anxiety and sadness.…”

Section: Theoretical Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Paraphilic Interests: The Role of Psychosocial Factors in a Sample of Young Adults in Hong Kong

Chan

2021

Sex Res Soc Policy

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Background Little is known about the prevalence and nature of paraphilic interests in the Hong Kong young adult population. This study explores the psychosocial factors associated with paraphilic interests. Methods Testing the propositions of several criminological theories (i.e., the theories of self-control, general strain, social learning, social control, and routine activity), the study recruited 1171 participants (18–40 years old), from September 2018 through April 2020, to examine both general and 14 subtypes of paraphilic interest (i.e., voyeurism, exhibitionism, scatologia, fetishism, transvestic fetishism, frotteurism, sadism, masochism, biastophilia, urophilia, scatophilia, hebephilia, pedophilia, and zoophilia). Results The findings indicate that males reported significantly higher levels of general and 12 subtypes of paraphilic interest than females, while females had a higher level of transvestic fetishism than males. No mean difference is found between males and females in interest in masochism. Relative to females, males reported significantly higher levels of negative temperament, alcohol and drug use, and risky sexual behavior, whereas females had higher levels of self-control, social bonds, and perceived neighborhood disorganization than males. Multivariate analyses indicate that in general, high levels of negative temperament, alcohol and drug use, risky sexual behavior, and perceived neighborhood disorganization and low levels of self-control and social bonds were important factors associated with the participants’ likelihood of having general and 14 subtypes of paraphilic interest. Conclusions These findings provide support to the significant role of psychosocial factors in understanding different paraphilic interests in the Hong Kong young adult population. Policy Implications This study has implications for practice, in the form of reducing, if not eliminating, the tendency to develop an interest in paraphilic behaviors. This may be more important when referring to paraphilic behaviors that are criminally oriented.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Theoretical Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Paraphilic Interests: The Role of Psychosocial Factors in a Sample of Young Adults in Hong Kong

Chan

2021

Sex Res Soc Policy

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“…Certain ruses that serial murderers previously used to lure victims, such as posing as a photographer, are no longer plausible, as the veracity of others is easily verifiable online. Efforts to educate the public about serial murder has led to awareness of the hallmarks (Wall & Johnson, 2015), odd behaviors (Gelinas & Hadjistavropoulos, 2015;Woollaston, 2015), stalking offenses (Lloyd-Goldstein, 2000), paraphilias (Yakeley & Wood, 2014), and violent tendencies toward animals (Broussard, 2016;Levin & Arluke, 2016;Patterson-Kane, 2015) or others in youth (Hartley-Parkinson, 2015). Countrywide movements are working to strip a generation of undrafted young men of toxic masculinity (Gilbert, 2017) and instill respect for women which may ward off future criminality.…”

Section: Increased Vigilance Of Societymentioning

confidence: 99%

Detecting a Decline in Serial Homicide: Have We Banished the Devil from the Details?

Yaksic¹,

Allely²,

Silva³

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Objectives: The likelihood that serial murderers are responsible for most unresolved homicides and missing persons was examined by investigating the accounting of the phenomenon in the context of a declining prevalence. Methods: A mixed methods approach was used, consisting of a review of a sample of unresolved homicides, a comparative analysis of the frequency of known serial homicide series and unresolved serial homicide series, and semi-structured interviews of experts.Results: The past decade contained almost half the cases (13%) that existed at the 1980s peak of serial homicide (27%). Only 282 (1.3%) strangled females made up the 22,444 unresolved homicides reviewed. Most expert respondents thought it unreasonable that any meaningful proportion of missing persons cases are victims of serial homicide. Conclusions: Technology, shifts in offending behavior, proactive law enforcement action, and vigilance of society have transformed serial killing and aids in viewing offenders as people impacted by societal shifts and cultural norms. The absence of narrative details inhibited some aspects of the review. An exhaustive list of known unresolved serial homicide series remained elusive as some missing persons are never reported. Future research should incorporate those intending to murder serially, but whose efforts were stalled by arrest, imprisonment, or death.

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“…21 There are conflicting research outcomes for all types of treatment for sexual offenders, 22,23 but psychotherapy has been attempted with those who sexually offend against adults or children. 24,25…”

Section: Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%