Paraphenylene diamine ingestion

Ram, R; Swarnalatha, G; Prasad, Narla Hari; Dakshinamurty, Kaligotla Venkata

doi:10.4103/0022-3859.33860

Cited by 29 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…The frequency of ARF was 47.4%, 80%, 80%, 15%, 70% with dialysis requirement in 26.3%, 70%, 60%, 9%, 70% patients. 13,18,19,23,24 In present study a significant statistical correlation between rhabdomyolysis and ARF, CPK levels of more than 10,000 IU/L were found. Mortality was 12.9% in present study population.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 54%

“…In one study muscle pains were complained by 70% and weakness by 10% of their patients. 13 16% of patients developed pedal edema with / without anasarca and 12.9% of patients developed Oliguria in our study. It took a mean duration of 192±29.3 hours (range 168-240hours) for pedal edema and mean duration of 132±79 hours (range 48-240) hours for Oliguria in our study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 72%

“…Further, Rhabdomyolysis was seen in 100% of their patients. 13 It was observed in 35%, 60% patients and reported in 20% of their patients. 19,24,25 Acute renal failure (ARF) was seen in 19% of present patients requiring renal replacement therapy.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…22 Angioedema developed in 48.38% of the patients with varying severity in present study, Other Studies done by different authors reported angiodema in 60, 79, 70, 73% of patients respectively. 13,19,20,23 Those who presented with severe angioneurotic edema with stridor underwent emergency tracheostomy. Tracheostomy was done in 09 (28%) of patients, 8 patients (25.8%) required Endotracheal intubation, 3 (9.6%) patients required mechanical ventilation for respiratory support.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Many sporadic reports of the poisonings with PPD hair dyes are documented in literature but there has been no prospective observational studies regarding its clinical presentations and outcome. [11][12][13][14][15] The present study was thus taken up to determine clinical presentation, management and outcome of different hair dye induced AKI.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

A prospective study on clinical profile and incidence of acute kidney injury due to hair dye poisoning

et al. 2016

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 54%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 72%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A prospective study on clinical profile and incidence of acute kidney injury due to hair dye poisoning

et al. 2016

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The effects of henna (hair dye) on the embryonic development of zebrafish (Danio rerio)

Manjunatha

Weibing

Liu

et al. 2014

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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The powder of henna is extensively used as decorative skin paint for nail coloring and as a popular hair dye in Asian countries. Its human health risk is extensive, and it is frequently released as waste into the aquatic environment raising the concerns. Zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos were employed to study the developmental effects of henna. Normal fertilized zebrafish embryos under standard water were selected for the control and test chambers. Three predetermined sublethal concentrations (100, 200, and 275 μM) of henna in 24-well cell culture plates were tested on 1-h postfertilized embryo (pfe) for 96 h. Observation for rates of survival and mortality was recorded; digital camera was used to image morphological anomalies of embryos with a stereomicroscope; and functional abnormalities at 24, 48, 72, and 96 h were performed. The hatching rates of embryos were reduced significantly when treated with 200 and 275 μM or higher concentrations of henna. Slow blood circulation in the whole body was observed with a median effect on hatching exposed to 200 and 275 μM of henna at 48-h pfe. At 72- and 96-h pfe, blood circulation was ceased in the whole body but still had a heartbeat. At 96-h pfe, pericardial sac edema, yolk sac edema, head deformation, spine crooked malformation, and tail malformation (bent tails or hook-like tails) were observed in the surviving larvae at 100 μM. In summary, exposure to henna at 100, 200, and 275 μM causes some altered morphological and physiological abnormalities including increased mortality, hatching delay, slow blood circulation, pericardial sac edema, yolk sac edema, abnormal body axes, twisted notochord, tail deformation, weak heartbeat, and growth retardation and was also detected in some treated embryos and groups having adverse effects on embryonic development of zebrafish provoking potential human developmental risk studies.

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Hair Dye Ingredients and Potential Health Risks from Exposure to Hair Dyeing

Michailidou

Gahlon

Zeng

2022

Chem. Res. Toxicol.

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Given the worldwide popularity of hair dyeing, there is an urgent need to understand the toxicities and risks associated with exposure to chemicals found in hair dye formulations. Hair dyes are categorized as oxidative and nonoxidative in terms of their chemical composition and ingredients. For several decades, the expert panel’s Cosmetic Ingredient Review (CIR) has assessed the safety of many of the chemicals used in hair dyes; however, a comprehensive review of hair dye ingredients and the risk of exposure to hair dyeing has not been documented. Herein, we review the safety of the various chemicals in oxidative and nonoxidative hair dyes, toxicities associated with hair dyeing, and the carcinogenic risks related to hair dyeing. While many compounds are considered safe for users at the concentrations in hair dyes, there are conflicting data about a large number of hair dye formulations. The CIR expert panel has ratified a number of coloring ingredients for hair dyes and banned a series of chemicals as carcinogenic to animals and unsafe for this application. The use of these chemicals as raw materials for producing hair dyes may result in the synthesis of other contaminants with potential toxicities and increased risk of carcinogenesis. It is an open question whether personal or occupational hair dyeing increases the risk of cancer; however, in specific subpopulations, a positive association between hair dye use and cancer occurrence has been reported. To address this question, a better understanding of the chemical and mechanistic basis of the reported toxicities of hair dye mixtures and individual hair dye ingredients is needed. It is anticipated that in-depth chemical and systems toxicology studies harnessing modern and emerging techniques can shed light on this public health concern in the future.

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Paraphenylene diamine ingestion

Cited by 29 publications

References 8 publications

A prospective study on clinical profile and incidence of acute kidney injury due to hair dye poisoning

A prospective study on clinical profile and incidence of acute kidney injury due to hair dye poisoning

The effects of henna (hair dye) on the embryonic development of zebrafish (Danio rerio)

Hair Dye Ingredients and Potential Health Risks from Exposure to Hair Dyeing

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