“…In such cases, multivariate chemometric techniques can be used to analyze the whole spectra. Principal components analysis (PCA) is normally employed to compress noisy and correlated data sets with minimal loss of information (Boehl et al, 2003;Surribas et al, 2006a;Haack et al, 2007;Rhee and Kang, 2007;Wolf et al, 2007). Partial least squares (PLS) regression appears to be the most popular chemometric method for calibrating 2D fluorescence maps with off-line bioprocess variables such as biomass, substrates and products of interest (Boehl et al, 2003;Lantz et al, 2006;Surribas et al, 2006b;Haack et al, 2007;Rhee and Kang, 2007).…”