Papaya CpEIN3a and CpNAC2 Co-operatively Regulate Carotenoid Biosynthesis-Related Genes CpPDS2/4, CpLCY-e and CpCHY-b During Fruit Ripening

Fu, Changchun; Han, Yanchao; Kuang, Jian-fei; Chen, Jian-Ye; Lu, Wang-jin

doi:10.1093/pcp/pcx149

Cited by 81 publications

(50 citation statements)

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“…Recently, papaya (Carica papaya) CpNAC1 was shown to bind directly the NAC-binding site in CpPDS2/4 (phytoene desaturase) promoters (Fu et al, 2016). CpNAC2 interacts with CpEIN3a and cooperatively regulates the expression of the carotenoid biosynthesis-related genes CpPDS2/4, CpLCYe (lycopene «-cyclase), and CpCHY-b (b-carotene hydroxylase) during fruit ripening (Fu et al, 2017). Sweet osmanthus (Osmanthus fragrans) OfWRKY3 binds the W-box palindrome motif in the OfCCD4 (carotenoid cleavage dioxygenase4) promoter and induces gene expression (Han et al, 2016).…”

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confidence: 99%

The Citrus Transcription Factor CsMADS6 Modulates Carotenoid Metabolism by Directly Regulating Carotenogenic Genes

et al. 2018

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Although remarkable progress has been made toward understanding carotenoid biosynthesis, the mechanisms that regulate the transcription of carotenogenic genes remain poorly understood. Lycopene β-cyclases (LCYb) are critical enzymes located at the branch point of the carotenoid biosynthetic pathway. Here, we used the promoter sequence of as bait in a yeast one-hybrid screen for promoter-binding proteins from sweet orange (). This screen identified a MADS transcription factor, CsMADS6, that was coordinately expressed with fruit development and coloration. Acting as a nucleus-localized transcriptional activator, CsMADS6 directly bound the promoter of and activated its expression. Overexpression of in citrus calli increased carotenoid contents and induced the expression of and other carotenogenic genes, including (), (), and (). CsMADS6 up-regulated the expression of ,, and by directly binding to their promoters, which suggested the multitargeted regulation of carotenoid metabolism by CsMADS6. In addition, the ectopic expression of in tomato () affected carotenoid contents and the expression of carotenogenic genes. The sepals of -overexpressing tomato lines exhibited dramatic changes in carotenoid profiles, accompanied by changes in plastid ultrastructure. Global transcriptome analysis of transgenic sepals revealed that CsMADS6 regulates a series of pathways that promote increases in flux through the carotenoid pathway. Overall, these findings establish that CsMADS6 directly regulates and other carotenogenic genes to coordinately and positively modulate carotenoid metabolism in plants, which may provide strategies to improve the nutritional quality of crops.

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confidence: 99%

The Citrus Transcription Factor CsMADS6 Modulates Carotenoid Metabolism by Directly Regulating Carotenogenic Genes

et al. 2018

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“…Transcription factors such as R2R3-MYBs, bHLHs, NACs have been shown to regulate the biosynthesis of pigment in plant [ 26 , 27 ]. Here, two unigenes (c42659_g1, c61265_g1) encoding R2R3-MYBs and twelve unigenes (c19158_g1, c27046_g1, c40476_g1, c51607_g1, c82524_g1, c22345_g1, c58741_g1, c79074_g1, c82816_g1, c82171_g1, c81897_g1, c80794_g1) encoding bHLHs were up-regulated in YL ( Fig 4A ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Transcription factors such as NACs, R2R3-MYBs, bHLHs, have been identified as the key regulators for pigment biosynthesis [ 26 , 27 ]. In the present study, 16 unigenes encoding TFs (NAC, R2R3-MYB, bHLH) are detected ( Fig 4 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Phytoene desaturase (PDS) is the key enzyme for the conversion of phytoene to ζ-carotene within carotenoid biosynthesis pathway [ 52 ]. Fu et al show that both CpNAC1 and CpNAC2 can bind the promoter regain of CpPDS2/4 [ 27 , 53 ]. In the present here, phylogenetic analysis shows that c105949_g1 is high similar to CpNAC2, while c42861_g1 together with CpNAC1 and SlNAC1/4 are grouped into same subgroup ( Fig 5A ), suggesting its exhibit similar function in regulation carotenoid biosynthesis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparative transcriptome analysis provides global insight into gene expression differences between two orchid cultivars

Song

et al. 2018

PLoS ONE

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The orchids GL and YL are two cultivars of Cymbidium longibracteatum. YL displays an obviously yellowing rhizome and yellow leaves, while GL ('Longchangsu') shows dark green leaves and greenish rhizome. But the molecular mechanism for the differences between the two cultivars is poorly understood. In the present study, we showed that the structure of chloroplasts was significantly damaged in YL. Biochemical analysis uncovered the contents of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll and carotenoid were notably decreased in YL. Using RNA-Seq technology, more than 38 million clean reads were generated in each pool, and 116,422 unigenes were assembled de novo. 6,660 unigenes with differential expression patterns (FDR≤0.01 and |log2 ratio|≥1) were totally identified between the two cultivars. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis of differentially expressed unigenes (DEGs) suggested 33 KEGG pathways were notably enriched, including biological processes such as “phenylpropanoid biosynthesis”, “phagosome”, “starch and sucrose metabolism”, “drug metabolism—cytochrome P450”, “fatty acid elongation”, and “flavone and flavonol biosynthesis”. Further analysis revealed that chlorophyll degeneration related unigene (c48794_g1) and flavonoid biosynthesis related unigenes (c16388_g1, c48963_g1, c63571_g1, c4492_g1, c52282_g1, c78740_g1, c4645_g1) were up-regulated while carotenoid biosynthesis related unigene (c7212_g1) were down-regulated in YL. Additionally, six of NAC, R2R3-MYB, bHLH transcription factors (c42861_g1, c105949_g1, c61265_g1, c42659_g1, c82171_g1, c19158_g1) might be involved in regulation of pigment biosynthesis. The chlorophyll degeneration and the flavonoid biosynthesis related unigenes up-regulation together with the carotenoid biosynthesis related unigenes down-regulation may contribute to the yellowing phenotype of YL.

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“…In addition, it is also involved in regulation of carotenoid metabolism. In papaya fruits, elevated transcript abundance of CpEIN3a accompanied with increased carotenoid content and up regulated genes in carotenoid biosynthetic pathway (CpPDS2/4, CpZDS, CpLCY-e and CpCHY-b) [52]. SlEIN2 silenced tomato fruits could not turn into red at ripening stage due to the inhibition in lycopene biosynthesis [53].…”

Section: Candidate Genes Involved In Regulating Carotenoid Metabolismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcriptome analysis provides new insight into the molecular mechanisms in regulating carotenoid accumulation in pericarp of fruits from two pummelo cultivars Citrus grandis (L.) Osbeck

Lin

2019

Preprint

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Background Carotenoid improves fruit external quality and benefits to human health. Although the mechanism underlining carotenoid metabolism is clear, the regulation of carotenoid accumulation remains poorly understand. Recently, ‘Huangbao’ pummelo was selected from the bud mutation of ‘Guanxi’ pummelo (yellow pericarp). The pericarp of mutant-type fruits is characterized by red colour development during fruit ripening stage. The aim of the study is to explore the molecular mechanisms in regulating pericarp colouration based on transcriptomic profile analysis of the two cultivars. Results Lycopene content in the pericarp of ripe fruits from ‘Huangbao’ (160.29 µg g-1 FW) was significantly higher than that of from ‘Guanxi’ (0.91µg g-1 FW). Lycopene is a main contributor for pericarp colouration. 929 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were indentified through transcriptional profiling in the pericarp of ripe fruits from the two cultivars. Expression levels of the Genes encoding for fructose-bisphosphate aldolase, enolase and pyruvate kinase isozyme were significantly higher in ‘Huangbao’ than that of in ‘Guanxi’, which possibly promote 3-phosphate-glyceraldehyde and pyruvic acid biosyntheses. This two productions act as precursors for the biosyntheses of Isopentenylpyrophosphate (IPP) and Dimethylallyl pyrophosphate (DMAPP) in Methylerythritol phosphate (MEP) pathway. Genes ecoding for phytoene synthase and prolycopene isomerase were unexpected down-regulated in ‘Huangbao’. Gibberellin-2-β-dioxygenase (GA2OX) gene was specially expressed in ‘Huangbao’, while the transcript amounts of genes related to auxin response and auxin transport as well as several negative regulators in ethylene signaling in ‘Huangbao’ were all down regulated. Additionally, Transcription factors (DELLA, NAC, MADS-box, WRKY) and post translational modification proteins (histone acetyltransferase and E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme) involved in regulating ethylene and carotenoid metabolisms were also differentially expressed in the two pummelo cultivars. Conclusions The main differences in the carotenoid metabolism in the pericarp of ripen fruits from ‘Huangbao’ and ‘Guanxi’ were observed in the carotenoid precursor biosynthetic pathway. Differentially expressed genes in gibberellin, auxin and ethylene metabolisms and plant hormone signaling pathways, as well as several transcription factors and post translational modification protein genes involved in regulating ethylene and carotenoid metabolisms provide targets for further exploration in revealing mechanisms underlying fruit colour development.

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Papaya CpEIN3a and CpNAC2 Co-operatively Regulate Carotenoid Biosynthesis-Related Genes CpPDS2/4, CpLCY-e and CpCHY-b During Fruit Ripening

Cited by 81 publications

References 44 publications

The Citrus Transcription Factor CsMADS6 Modulates Carotenoid Metabolism by Directly Regulating Carotenogenic Genes

The Citrus Transcription Factor CsMADS6 Modulates Carotenoid Metabolism by Directly Regulating Carotenogenic Genes

Comparative transcriptome analysis provides global insight into gene expression differences between two orchid cultivars

Transcriptome analysis provides new insight into the molecular mechanisms in regulating carotenoid accumulation in pericarp of fruits from two pummelo cultivars Citrus grandis (L.) Osbeck

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