Pandemia, desinformação e discurso autoritário: os sentidos das declarações de Jair Bolsonaro no Twitter a partir de checagens do Aos Fatos

Abstract

O artigo identifica como características do comportamento autoritário sistematizadas por Levitsky e Ziblatt (2018) se revelam em declarações do presidente do Brasil, Jair Bolsonaro, verificadas pelo site de fact-checking Aos Fatos. A partir de uma análise de conteúdo, seguida de análise de sentidos das declarações de Bolsonaro no Twitter sobre a pandemia de Covid-19, o estudo permite tensionar autoritarismo e desinformação no discurso do presidente em meio à crise sanitária, bem como os desafios que isso representa para o fact-checking, o exercício do jornalismo e a democracia no contexto brasileiro

Recommending instead of taking down: YouTube hyperpartisan content promotion amid the Brazilian general elections

“…During the first stage of our study, the most recommended Jovem Pan video across our visits was the interview Jair Bolsonaro gave to the Pânico show on August 26 4 . In the show, Bolsonaro raised doubts about Brazil's electronic voting system, a regular theme for him, and defended ineffective drugs to treat COVID‐19 (Pereira et al, 2022): a narrative that marked his presidency during the pandemic (Seibt & Dannenberg, 2021).…”

critérios dos fact-checkers brasileiros

“…This new order in priority differs from Mena's (2019) findings in the United States. The data for this paper was collected amid the covid-19 pandemic when several academic studies (Ferreira & Varão, 2021;Ribeiro, 2021;Seibt & Dannenberg, 2021;Silva & Baalbaki, 2021;Viscardi, 2020) Besides that, the most important Brazilian verification media receive technical and financial support from big technology companies and, as the Digital News Report (Newman et al, 2021) points out, the consumption of information by Brazilian citizens comes mostly from the online news (83%), even though the level of reliability of information posted on social media is as low as 34%.…”

“…Defined as "an overabundance of information -some accurate and some not -that makes it hard for people to find trustworthy sources and reliable guidance when they need it" (Pan American Health Organization, 2020, p. 2), the infodemic demanded a direct action from journalists and science popularizers for checking of information about the health crisis, that soon became a political crisis as well. The politicization of the virus and the polarization THE BRAZILIAN FACT-CHECKERS CRITERI of speeches boosted the disinformation about prevention and vaccination (Ferreira & Varão, 2021;Silva & Baalbaki, 2021) while strengthening anti-democratic and authoritarian speeches (Seibt & Dannenberg, 2021;Viscardi, 2020).…”

Características dos Discursos de Desinformação Relacionados aos Conhecimentos Científicos das Redes Bolsonaristas no Twitter

“…To follow the dynamics between different actors within a Bolsonarist community to see the ways in which misinformation is shared and what its characteristics are, we chose ethnography for the internet (Hine, 2000(Hine, , 2015 as a research methodology, and the social network Twitter as a place for data collection. For the choice of this network, we considered not only the fact that Jair Bolsonaro and his children use this network a lot to communicate with their supporters, but also the conclusions of research that reinforce the relevance of Twitter as a political mobilizer (Recuero, 2014;Recuero et al, 2015), that the speech of Bolsonaro and/or his supporters is directly related to the misinformation propagated in this network (Penteado et al, 2022;Seibt & Dannenberg, 2021;, and that Twitter is used for the propagation of misinformation and scientific denialist discourses (Araujo & Oliveira, 2020;Soares et al, 2019).…”