Palonosetron (Aloxi®) and dexamethasone for the prevention of acute and delayed nausea and vomiting in patients receiving multiple-day chemotherapy

Abstract

The present results appear to be encouraging in terms of complete prophylaxis of CINV and treatment of breakthrough emesis in the setting of multiple-day chemotherapy.

Palonosetron to prevent nausea and vomiting in children undergoing BMT: efficacy and safety

“…A single 0.25 mg dose, repeatable after 72 h, proved effective in patients receiving multiple-day chemotherapy. 6 Headache was its most common side effect. 5 Palonosetron prevented nausea and vomiting in 36% of patients undergoing autologous BMT, whereas in another 26% symptom control was achieved following a second dose.…”

Palonosetron and dexamethasone for prevention of nausea and vomiting in patients receiving high-dose chemotherapy with auto-SCT

“…29 Moreover, we planned a prophylaxis regimen with short and low-dose dexamethasone and only one administration of palonosetron, with a second administration reserved only for breakthrough emesis treatment, which rescued 67% of the patients. The only treatment-related adverse events associated were transient constipation or mild and transient headache.…”

“…[9][10][11][12] The second-generation 5-HT 3 RA, namely palonosetron, and the neurokinin receptor antagonist, aprepitant, have improved not only the prevention of acute CINV, but also the prophylaxis of delayed CINV [13][14][15][16][17][18][19] after both moderately and highly emetogenic CT. However, control of delayed CINV is still an open problem, especially in patients undergoing multiple-day [20][21][22][23] or high-dose (HD)-CT. [24][25][26][27] Two recent studies 28,29 have shown the efficacy and safety of palonosetron plus dexamethasone in preventing CINV during and after multiple-day CT.…”

“…30 Starting from our experience with palonosetron plus dexamethasone in multiple-day CT, 29 the present study evaluated the efficacy, in terms of complete response (no emesis, no rescue therapy), of a single dose of palonosetron administered on the first day of a conditioning regimen together with dexamethasone administered throughout the entire period of conditioning in hematological patients receiving HD-CT and auto-SCT.…”

A study on management of oral cancer in a tertiary care hospital

“…This can be treated with 5-Hydroxytryptamine 3 (5-HT3) antagonists like dolasetron, granisetron, ondansetron and Neurokinin 1 (NK1) receptor antagonists like fosaprepitant and aprepitant. 9 Cancer patient are mainly affected by the progressive cachexia, and is one among the major causes where it presents as progressive weight loss, anorexia, and persistent erosion of host body cell mass in response to a malignant growth. 10 Deficiency of any of the micronutrients needs to be corrected by administering drugs like iron, folic acid and multivitamins.…”