Paleoecology of Sponge-?Hydroid Associations in Silurian Microbial Reefs

Soja, Constance M.; Mitchell, Megan; Newton, Alicia J.; Vendetti, Jann E.; Visaggi, Christy C.; Антошкина, А. И.; White, Brian

doi:10.1669/0883-1351(2003)018<0225:poshai>2.0.co;2

Cited by 21 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…The final type of evidence for ancient, close associations between sponges and microorganisms comes from the fossil record (43,261,377). Reef mounds constructed by siliceous sponges and cyanobacterial mats, with the latter represented in part by stromatolites still found today, flourished in (sub)tropical marine waters as far back as the early Cambrian (43).…”

Section: Sponge-associated Microorganisms: Ancient Partners or Recentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sponge-Associated Microorganisms: Evolution, Ecology, and Biotechnological Potential

Taylor

Radax

Steger

et al. 2007

Microbiol Mol Biol Rev

1,277

1,567

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SUMMARY Marine sponges often contain diverse and abundant microbial communities, including bacteria, archaea, microalgae, and fungi. In some cases, these microbial associates comprise as much as 40% of the sponge volume and can contribute significantly to host metabolism (e.g., via photosynthesis or nitrogen fixation). We review in detail the diversity of microbes associated with sponges, including extensive 16S rRNA-based phylogenetic analyses which support the previously suggested existence of a sponge-specific microbiota. These analyses provide a suitable vantage point from which to consider the potential evolutionary and ecological ramifications of these widespread, sponge-specific microorganisms. Subsequently, we examine the ecology of sponge-microbe associations, including the establishment and maintenance of these sometimes intimate partnerships, the varied nature of the interactions (ranging from mutualism to host-pathogen relationships), and the broad-scale patterns of symbiont distribution. The ecological and evolutionary importance of sponge-microbe associations is mirrored by their enormous biotechnological potential: marine sponges are among the animal kingdom's most prolific producers of bioactive metabolites, and in at least some cases, the compounds are of microbial rather than sponge origin. We review the status of this important field, outlining the various approaches (e.g., cultivation, cell separation, and metagenomics) which have been employed to access the chemical wealth of sponge-microbe associations.

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Section: Sponge-associated Microorganisms: Ancient Partners or Recentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sponge-Associated Microorganisms: Evolution, Ecology, and Biotechnological Potential

Taylor

Radax

Steger

et al. 2007

Microbiol Mol Biol Rev

1,277

1,567

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…The first report of Corymbospongia in thrombolites at Wu'ai witnesses this initial expansion from level-bottom to reef settings. In contrast to the high-energy stromatolite-sphinctozoan reefs in the Late Silurian (Soja 1994;Newton and Soja 2002;Soja et al 2003), the Wu'ai sponges are from a low-energy community, suggesting that the oldest reef-building sphinctozoans have originated in a relatively deep-seamount environment of a back-arc basin. The Silurian reefs seem to be an exception of the rule that Paleozoic sphinctozoans have preferentially lived in environments unfavorable for other metazoans (such as deeper parts of reef systems) at least until the Middle Permian (Johns 1998).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…These multi-chambered, hypercalcified sponges can be traced from the Cambrian, but it was once thought that they were restricted to level-bottom communities until the Middle Permian (Fagerstrom 1984;Senowbari-Daryan 1991;Kruse 1996). The Late Silurian stromatolite-sphinctozoan reefs from southeastern Alaska, southwestern and west-central Alaska, and the Urals challenged this view (Soja 1994;Newton and Soja 2002;Soja et al 2003). The heteractinid, single-chambered sponges Jawonya and Wagima from South Australia were associated with reefs already in the Cambrian (Kruse 1987;Savarese et al 1993;Debrenne and Reitner 2001;Kruse and Reitner 2014), but these do not belong to sphinctozoan-grade sensu stricto (multi-chambered morphologic type) (Debrenne and Wood 1990;Finks and Rigby 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The first sphinctozoan-bearing reef from an Ordovician back-arc basin

Kiessling

2015

Facies

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“…The minipeloidal fabric (AM‐4) is known from Neoproterozoic, Palaeozoic and Jurassic carbonate build‐ups, mostly interpreted as a diagenetically altered calcimicrobe such as Renalcis , Angulocellularia or Epiphyton (Kobluk & James, ; Riding & Voronova, ; Böhm & Brachert, ; Turner et al ., , ; Kahle, ; Stephens & Sumner, ; Shen & Webb, ; Kruse & Zhuravlev, ; Pratt & Haidl, ; Woo et al ., ; Kruse & Reitner, ; Săsăran et al ., ; Adachi et al ., ; Lee et al ., , 2016c). Finally, the laminoid–cerebroid fabric (AM‐5) is known from Neoproterozoic to modern carbonate build‐ups (Browne & Demicco, ; Leinfelder et al ., ; Reitner, ; Reitner et al ., 1995b; Neuweiler et al ., ; Turner et al ., ; Dupraz & Strasser, ; Parcell, ; Soja et al ., ; Wallace et al ., ; Adachi et al ., ; Lee et al ., ). Without exception, AM‐5 is considered to be microbial in origin.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Questioning the microbial origin of automicrite in Ordovician calathid–demosponge carbonate mounds

Shen

Neuweiler

2017

Sedimentology

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Calathid-demosponge carbonate mounds are a feature of Early to Middle Ordovician shallow-marine carbonate depositional environments of tropical to subtropical palaeolatitudes. These mounds contain an important amount of autochthonous non-skeletal microcrystalline calcium-carbonate (automicrite) conventionally considered microbial in origin. Here, the automicrite of calathid-demosponge carbonate mounds (Tarim Basin, north-west China) is broken down into five distinct fabrics: an in situ peloidal-spiculiferous fabric (AM-1), an in situ peloidal fabric (AM-2), an aphanitic-microtubular fabric (AM-3), a minipeloidal fabric (AM-4) and a laminoid-cerebroid fabric (AM-5). Type AM-1 occurs with AM-2 being succeeded by an assemblage of AM-3 and AM-4. Types AM-4 and AM-5 are separated by an erosional disconformity. A good correlation of fluorescence and cathodoluminescence of automicrites indicates that induced and supported organomineralization produced automicrite, probably via the permineralization of non-living organic substrates adsorbing dissolved metal-humate complexes. Using a spreadsheet with six parameters and 17 characters, AM-1 to AM-4 turn out to be non-microbial in origin. Instead, these automicrites represent relics of calcified metazoan tissues, such as siliceous sponges, non-spiculate sponges or the basal attachment structures of stalked invertebrates. Fabric AM-5 is a microbial carbonate but is post-mound in origin forming a drape within a reefal framework established by AM-4. The five automicritic fabrics, individually or as an assemblage, are a common element of Ordovician calathiddemosponge carbonate mounds in general. The reassessment of the origins of these automicritic fabrics holds consequences for understanding of the Great Ordovician Biodiversification Event in terms of community structure, reef ecology and reef evolution. Episodically, these fabrics are also present in other carbonate build-ups stretching from the Neoproterozoic over the entire Phanerozoic Eon. The massive calcification of metazoan soft tissue (AM-1 to AM-4) characterizes episodes and conditions of enhanced marine calcification and might be of value to refine secular trends of pCO 2 , Ca concentration and Mg/Ca ratio at the scale of individual sedimentary basins.

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Paleoecology of Sponge-?Hydroid Associations in Silurian Microbial Reefs

Cited by 21 publications

References 41 publications

Sponge-Associated Microorganisms: Evolution, Ecology, and Biotechnological Potential

Sponge-Associated Microorganisms: Evolution, Ecology, and Biotechnological Potential

The first sphinctozoan-bearing reef from an Ordovician back-arc basin

Questioning the microbial origin of automicrite in Ordovician calathid–demosponge carbonate mounds

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