Palaeoweathering of Lower Palaeozoic rocks of the Brabant Massif, Belgium: a mineralogical and petrographical analysis

Genesis and 40Ar/39Ar dating of K-Mn oxides from the Stavelot Massif (Ardenne, Belgium): Insights into Oligocene to Pliocene weathering periods in Western Europe

“…Congo (e.g., De Putter et al, 2015). This period could be early Cretaceous as weathering periods have already been determined in kaolinic deposits in the Brabant, Ardenne and Bohemian massifs (Barbier et al, 2010;Gilg, 2000;Mees and Stoops, 1999;Thiry et al, 2006;Yans and Dupuis, 2005; Fig. 13) and laterite (Thé 2002) and eustatic curve of Europe is from Hardenbol et al (1998).…”

“…The most significant sedimentation episodes occured in the Triassic, Jurassic, Eocene and Early Oligocene. Therefore, some periods of exposure favored the setting up of widely preserved saprolites with thickness varying strongly from a place to another (Mees and Stoops, 1999). The age of these weathering periods is particularly well documented in kaolinic saprolites developed on Paleozoic sediments.…”

Interstratified vermiculite–mica in the gneiss–metapelite–serpentinite rocks at Hafafit area, Southern Eastern Desert, Egypt: From metasomatism to weathering

“…This occurred by oxidative weathering in low pH soil environments in temperature range of 100-300°C (Kristmannsdottir, 1978;Evarts and Schiffman, 1983). Formation of interstratifications of smectite confirms the weathering process (Mees and Stoops, 2000). Oxidative weathering of chlorite caused removal of alternate brucite-like interlayer from the chlorite structure.…”

Nature and dating of karstic filling in the Hainaut Province (Belgium). Karstic, geodynamic and paleogeographic implications

“…The age of both the grains of glauconite and ferriferous illite suggests formation during a period of high sea level during the Turonian [29]. At this moment, the Brabant Massif was covered by the sea [30], [31] and it is very unlikely that the karst have functioned during the Turonian high sea levels. This suggests that there must have existed a period during which the relief was higher and the rivers were coming from the North and flowing to the South, towards a sea (= basal hydrologic level).…”