P48 Analysis of ratios: A case study based on arterial distensibility

Evans, G W; Riley, Ward A.; Arnett, D.K.; Barnes, Robert W.; Burke, Georgine

doi:10.1016/0197-2456(93)90180-l

Cited by 3 publications

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“…8 In population samples, the relationship between stress and strain has a non-zero intercept and only modest heteroscedasticity. 8,16 To overcome these drawbacks, we have used a non-pressure-related biased estimation of ADC in response to BP change, using component mathematical models to assess ADC, simultaneously controlling for BP and arterial diameter. 8,9 This approach, as well as its estimate identified as BP AADC, models the ADC (strain) as an independent variable and treats BP-related variables as covariates in the model.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Arterial Stiffness and the Development of Hypertension

et al. 1999

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Decreased elasticity in large and medium-sized arteries has been postulated to be associated with cardiovascular diseases. We prospectively examined the relation between arterial elasticity and the development of hypertension over 6 years of follow-up in a cohort of 6992 normotensive men and women aged 45 to 64 years at baseline from the biracial, population-based Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study. Arterial elasticity was measured from high-resolution B-mode ultrasound examination of the left common carotid artery as adjusted arterial diameter change (in micrometers, simultaneously adjusted for diastolic blood pressure, pulse pressure, pulse pressure squared, diastolic arterial diameter, and height), Peterson's elastic modulus (in kilopascals), Young's elastic modulus (in kilopascals), and stiffness index. Incident hypertension (n551) was defined as systolic blood pressure 160 mm Hg, diastolic blood pressure 95 mm Hg, or the use of antihypertensive medication at a follow-up examination conducted every 3 years. The age-, ethnicity-, center-, gender-, education-, smoking-, heart rate-, and obesity-adjusted means (SE) of baseline adjusted arterial diameter change, Peterson's elastic modulus, Young's elastic modulus, and stiffness index were 397 (5), 148 (2.0), 787 (12.7), and 11.43 (0.16), respectively, in persons who developed hypertension during follow-up, in contrast to 407 (1), 124 (0.6), 681 (3.7), and 10.34 (0.05), respectively, for persons who did not. The similarly adjusted cumulative incident rates of hypertension from the highest to the lowest quartiles of arterial elasticity were 6.7%, 8.0%, 7.3%, and 9.6%, respectively, when measured by adjusted arterial diameter change (P0.01). One standard deviation decrease in arterial elasticity was associated with 15% greater risk of hypertension, independent of established risk factors for hypertension and the level of baseline blood pressure. These results suggest that lower arterial elasticity is related to the development of hypertension. (Hypertension. 1999;34:201-206.) Key Words: distensibility hypertension detection and control cohort studies ethnic groups A lthough increased arterial stiffness (decreased arterial elasticity) had been considered intrinsic to the aging process of the arterial wall, 1 it has since been demonstrated that factors such as insulin resistance, smoking, and hyper-tension are important predictors of reduced arterial elasticity, independent of age. 2-4 Evidence also exists to support the hypothesis that lower arterial elasticity is (directly) associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease manifestations. 2,3,5,6 A small number of population-based studies have been published describing the distribution and population correlates of arterial stiffness. 2,7 This study evaluated the prospective relation between baseline arterial elasticity and the development of hyperten-sion in a population sample. In this report, the blood pressure (BP) adjusted arterial diameter change (AADC) 8,9 and conventional indices 4 (Pete...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Arterial Stiffness and the Development of Hypertension

et al. 1999

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Variation of common carotid artery elasticity with intimal-medial thickness: The aric study

Riley¹,

Evans²,

Sharrett³

et al. 1997

Ultrasound in Medicine & Biology

110

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Association of Educational Achievement with Pulsatile Arterial Diameter Change of the Common Crotid Artery The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study, 1987-1992

Din‐Dzietham

Liao²,

Diez‐Roux

et al. 2000

American Journal of Epidemiology

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Education is strongly inversely associated with common carotid artery intima-media thickness in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study. The authors extended the ARIC study of preclinical atherosclerosis by evaluating the cross-sectional association of education with common carotid artery elasticity. This study included 10,091 Black and White men and women aged 45-64 years who were free of clinical coronary heart disease and stroke/transient ischemic attack. Arterial elasticity was assessed by pulsatile arterial diameter change (PADC), derived from phase-locked echo-tracking. The smaller the PADC, the stiffer the artery. Education was categorized into grade school, high school without graduation, high school with graduation, vocational school, some college, and graduate/professional school. PADC was directly associated with educational attainment. The mean PADCs, adjusted for age, height, diastolic diameter, systolic blood pressure, pulse pressure (linear and squared), ethnicity, gender, and smoking status, in successively higher education strata were 402 (standard error (SE) 5), 403 (SE 4), 407 (SE 3), 413 (SE 4), 416 (SE 2), and 417 (SE 4) microm (p = 0.007). To the authors' knowledge, this is the first time such an association has been reported. If arterial dilation impairment precedes arterial wall thickening in the atherosclerotic process, as recent studies on endothelial dysfunction suggest, these results indicate that low socioeconomic status may be associated with early arterial pathophysiologic changes-an effect that appears to be mediated by established cardiovascular disease risk factors.

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P48 Analysis of ratios: A case study based on arterial distensibility

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

Arterial Stiffness and the Development of Hypertension

Arterial Stiffness and the Development of Hypertension

Variation of common carotid artery elasticity with intimal-medial thickness: The aric study

Association of Educational Achievement with Pulsatile Arterial Diameter Change of the Common Crotid Artery The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study, 1987-1992

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