Ozone sources and transport in the northeastern United States

Spicer, Chester W.; Joseph, Darrell W.; Sticksel, Philip R.; Ward, Gerald F.

doi:10.1021/es60156a002

Cited by 46 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…3144 The boundaries are largely dependent upon such meteorological factors as wind direction and wind speed. The prevailing wind direction in the study area in the summer ozone season is in the 38 How far urban plumes can span actually depends on such factors as wind speed and emission strength. Generally, urban plumes from a large city can cover an area downwind 160 km by 90 km in one day.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Urban Ozone Plumes and Population Distribution by Income and Race: A Case Study of New York and Philadelphia

Liu

1996

Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association

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Who lives in the downwind areas of urban ozone plumes? Location theory suggests that the poor should disproportionately populate the downwind area, while the rich are most likely to live outside urban ozone plumes. Dynamically, we would expect that the downwind area would become poorer over time because the rich would "vote with their feet" under the serious impacts of urban ozone plumes. However, the importance of urban ozone pollution could be discounted due to the public's risk perception. According to risk and air quality perception literature, one would expect that the public would likely perceive ozone air pollution as a relatively low risk, compared with other environmental risks and social concerns. Therefore, actual population distribution might not follow what location theory suggests. Who actually does live in the downwind areas of urban ozone plumes? The results from a case study of New York and Philadelphia show that the ozone downwind areas are currently populated by a considerably larger proportion of upper income households and whites than the source areas. Furthermore, the population dynamics data do not provide any evidence for the "vote with their feet" hypothesis. While these findings deviate from the hypotheses prescribed by location theory, they are consistent with what we could expect from theories of risk perception.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Urban Ozone Plumes and Population Distribution by Income and Race: A Case Study of New York and Philadelphia

Liu

1996

Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association

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“…High concentrations industrialized countries (e.g., Cox et al, 1975 ;Research Triangle Institute, 1975;Coffey et al, 1977;Vukovich et al, 1977;Cleveland et al, 1977;Guicherit and Van Dop, 1977;Spicer et al, 1979;Wolff and Lioy, 1980). Although there is consensus that the high ozone concentrations are due primarily to anthropogenic activities, two competing mechanisms have been proposed for explaining the elevated rural ozone.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A study of ozone in the Colorado mountains

et al. 1983

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The seasonal and diurnal variations of ozone mixing ratios have been observed at Niwot Ridge, Colorado. The ozone mixing ratios have been correlated with the NOx(NO +NO2) mixing ratios measured concurrently at the site. The seasonal and diurnal variations in 03 can be reasonably well understood by considering photochemistry and transport, In the winter there is no apparent systematic diurnal variation in the 03 mixing ratio because there is little diurnal change of transport and a slow photochemistry. In the summer, the 03 levels at the site are suppressed at night due to the presence of a nocturnal inversion layer that isolates ozone near the surface, where it is destroyed. Ozone is observed to increase in the summer during the day. The increases in ozone correlate with increasing NO~ levels, as well as with the levels of other compounds of anthropogenic origin. We interpret this correlation as in-situ or in-transit photochemical production of ozone from these precursors that are transported to our site. The levels of ozone recorded approach 100 ppbv at NOt mixing ratios of approximately 3 ppbv. Calculations made using a simple clean tropospheric chemical model are consistent with the NOxrelated trend observed for the daytime ozone mixing ratio. However, the chemistry, which does not include nonmethane hydrocarbon photochemistry, underestimates the observed 03 production.

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“…For New York City, the orientation of the ozone plume is consistent with the prevailing westerlies and extends over the Atlantic Ocean. Ozone plumes extending north east to Massachusetts and Maine originating from the New York plume in summer have been reported from air craft measurements (Sillman et al, 1993, Spicer et al, 1979. In general, the plumes at all the cities are quite extended.…”

Section: Urban Signatures In Tor and Tco Datamentioning

confidence: 92%

Are there urban signatures in the tropospheric ozone column products derived from satellite measurements?

et al. 2010

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Abstract. In view of the proposed geostationary satellite missions to monitor air quality from space, it is important to first assess the capability of the current suite of satellite instruments to provide information on the urban scale pollution. We explore the possibility of detecting urban signatures in the tropospheric column ozone data derived from Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer (TOMS)/Solar Backscattered Ultraviolet (SBUV) and Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI)/Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS) satellite data. We find that distinct isolated plumes of tropospheric ozone near several large and polluted cities around the world may be detected in these data sets. The ozone plumes generally correspond with the tropospheric column NO 2 plumes around these cities as observed by the Scanning Imaging Absorption Spectrometer for Atmospheric Chartography (SCIA-MACHY) instrument. Similar plumes are also seen in tropospheric mean ozone mixing ratio distribution after accounting for the surface and tropopause pressure variations. The total column ozone retrievals indicate fairly significant sensitivity to the lower troposphere over the polluted land areas, which might help explain these detections. These results indicate that ultraviolet (UV) measurements may, in principle, be able to capture the urban signatures and may have implications for future missions using geostationary satellites.

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Ozone sources and transport in the northeastern United States

Cited by 46 publications

References 7 publications

Urban Ozone Plumes and Population Distribution by Income and Race: A Case Study of New York and Philadelphia

Urban Ozone Plumes and Population Distribution by Income and Race: A Case Study of New York and Philadelphia

A study of ozone in the Colorado mountains

Are there urban signatures in the tropospheric ozone column products derived from satellite measurements?

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