Oxidative Stress in Bacteria and the Central Dogma of Molecular Biology

Fasnacht, Michel; Polacek, Norbert

doi:10.3389/fmolb.2021.671037

Cited by 127 publications

(90 citation statements)

References 179 publications

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“…The positive correlation between the H 2 O 2 and • OH generation in E. coli can be related to the co-dependent existence of two types of ROS in bacterial cells. This is because hydrogen peroxide, a common-by product of the metabolic activity, undergoes Fenton and Fenton-like reactions generating • OH, making its concentration in biological systems dependent on H 2 O 2 [12,13,35]. Similarly, the level of H 2 O 2 in cells depends on the production of O 2…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insight into the Antibacterial Activity of Selected Metal Nanoparticles and Alterations within the Antioxidant Defence System in Escherichia coli, Bacillus cereus and Staphylococcus epidermidis

Metryka

Wasilkowski

Mrozik

2021

IJMS

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The antimicrobial activity of nanoparticles (NPs) is a desirable feature of various products but can become problematic when NPs are released into different ecosystems, potentially endangering living microorganisms. Although there is an abundance of advanced studies on the toxicity and biological activity of NPs on microorganisms, the information regarding their detailed interactions with microbial cells and the induction of oxidative stress remains incomplete. Therefore, this work aimed to develop accurate oxidation stress profiles of Escherichia coli, Bacillus cereus and Staphylococcus epidermidis strains treated with commercial Ag-NPs, Cu-NPs, ZnO-NPs and TiO2-NPs. The methodology used included the following determinations: toxicological parameters, reactive oxygen species (ROS), antioxidant enzymes and dehydrogenases, reduced glutathione, oxidatively modified proteins and lipid peroxidation. The toxicological studies revealed that E. coli was most sensitive to NPs than B. cereus and S. epidermidis. Moreover, NPs induced the generation of specific ROS in bacterial cells, causing an increase in their concentration, which further resulted in alterations in the activity of the antioxidant defence system and protein oxidation. Significant changes in dehydrogenases activity and elevated lipid peroxidation indicated a negative effect of NPs on bacterial outer layers and respiratory activity. In general, NPs were characterised by very specific nano-bio effects, depending on their physicochemical properties and the species of microorganism.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insight into the Antibacterial Activity of Selected Metal Nanoparticles and Alterations within the Antioxidant Defence System in Escherichia coli, Bacillus cereus and Staphylococcus epidermidis

Metryka

Wasilkowski

Mrozik

2021

IJMS

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“…However, many authors have described a global inhibition of translation as a consequence of oxidative stress (Fasnacht & Polacek, 2021;Kojima et al, 2007;Nishiyama et al, 2004;Shenton et al, 2006;Zhong et al, 2015;Zhu & Dai, 2019). In addition to this global repression of translation, we and other authors have described important alterations in translation elongation.…”

Section: Translation Under Oxidative Stressmentioning

confidence: 61%

Section: Translation Under Oxidative Stressmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhanced translation of leaderless mRNAs under oxidative stress in Escherichia coli

Leiva

Orellana

Ibba

et al. 2021

Preprint

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The bacterial response to oxidative stress requires the adaptation of the proteome to the hostile environment. It has been reported that oxidative stress induces a strong and global inhibition of both, transcription and translation. Nevertheless, whereas it is well known that transcription of a small group of genes is induced thanks to transcription factors such as OxyR and SoxR, an equivalent mechanism has not been described for translation. Here we report that whereas canonical translation that depends on Shine Dalgarno recognition is inhibited by oxidative stress in Escherichia coli, the translation of leaderless mRNA (lmRNA) is enhanced under such conditions. Both, inhibition of canonical translation and enhancement of lmRNA translation, depend on the production of (p)ppGpp. We propose that such a mechanism would allow bacteria to rapidly adapt their proteome to hostile conditions and is, perhaps, a general strategy to confront strong stressful conditions.

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“…Consequently, the structure and therefore the function of these macromolecules can be affected, usually resulting in cell toxicity. In bacteria and other organisms, ROS can be either generated intracellularly, as result of aerobic metabolism or exogenously from the outside environment, as consequence of local exposure to increased levels of oxidative agents ( Dubbs and Mongkolsuk 2012 ; Fasnacht and Polacek 2021 ). Cells possess mechanisms to counteract oxidation and can tolerate low levels of ROS.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacterial Response to Oxidative Stress and RNA Oxidation

et al. 2022

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Bacteria have to cope with oxidative stress caused by distinct Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS), derived not only from normal aerobic metabolism but also from oxidants present in their environments. The major ROS include superoxide O2−, hydrogen peroxide H2O2 and radical hydroxide HO•. To protect cells under oxidative stress, bacteria induce the expression of several genes, namely the SoxRS, OxyR and PerR regulons. Cells are able to tolerate a certain number of free radicals, but high levels of ROS result in the oxidation of several biomolecules. Strikingly, RNA is particularly susceptible to this common chemical damage. Oxidation of RNA causes the formation of strand breaks, elimination of bases or insertion of mutagenic lesions in the nucleobases. The most common modification is 8-hydroxyguanosine (8-oxo-G), an oxidized form of guanosine. The structure and function of virtually all RNA species (mRNA, rRNA, tRNA, sRNA) can be affected by RNA oxidation, leading to translational defects with harmful consequences for cell survival. However, bacteria have evolved RNA quality control pathways to eliminate oxidized RNA, involving RNA-binding proteins like the members of the MutT/Nudix family and the ribonuclease PNPase. Here we summarize the current knowledge on the bacterial stress response to RNA oxidation, namely we present the different ROS responsible for this chemical damage and describe the main strategies employed by bacteria to fight oxidative stress and control RNA damage.

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Oxidative Stress in Bacteria and the Central Dogma of Molecular Biology

Cited by 127 publications

References 179 publications

Insight into the Antibacterial Activity of Selected Metal Nanoparticles and Alterations within the Antioxidant Defence System in Escherichia coli, Bacillus cereus and Staphylococcus epidermidis

Insight into the Antibacterial Activity of Selected Metal Nanoparticles and Alterations within the Antioxidant Defence System in Escherichia coli, Bacillus cereus and Staphylococcus epidermidis

Enhanced translation of leaderless mRNAs under oxidative stress in Escherichia coli

Bacterial Response to Oxidative Stress and RNA Oxidation

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