Oxidative damage, biochemical and histopathological alterations in rats exposed to chlorpyrifos and the antioxidant role of zinc

Protective Role of Vitamin C and Green Tea Extract on Malathion-Induced Hepatotoxicity and Nephrotoxicity in Rats

“…Kidney is one of the target organ of experimental animals attacked by organophosphorous compounds. So urea, uric acid and creatinine plasma levels are kidney function parameters as altered by pesticides (Mansour and Mossa, 2010;Yhe et al, 2008;Yousef et al, 2006). In this study, malathion exposure group has a significant increased in the serum urea, uric acid and creatinine levels compared to control one this result agree with (Ahlam, 2009) by dosing rats with organophosphrous pesticide (profenofos) 1/20 LD50.…”

“…as compared to control. Supporting the present findings, malathion also provoked alteration in antioxidant enzymes such as SOD, GPx following sub chronic exposure in animals (Akhgari et al, 2003;Abdollahi et al, 2004) may be due to hepato and neurotoxicity induced by several organophosphorus induced Reactive Oxygen Species (Mansour and Mossa, 2010; and associated with lipid peroxidation and phospholipids degradation (Mansour and Mossa, 2009), it has been previously reported that during liver damage there was an observed decrease in antioxidant defenses in the liver (Seven et al, 2004;Heikal et al (2012). In other hand in groups treated by malathion plus vitamine c or malathion plus green tea there were a significant decrease in activities of SOD, GSH and GPx in rat liver if compared with malathion treated group may be due to vitamin c is proposed to reduce oxidative stress from H2O2 potentially by reducing the free radical species generated from H2O2 and reduces oxidative DNA damage (Noroozi et al, 1998), more over green tea extract enhances the expression of intracellular endogenous antioxidants such as SOD and GPX by maintaining their activities higher compared to the malathion group and other antioxidants enzymes such as glutathione, glutathione reductase, glutathionereductase and quinone reductase (Valerio et al, 2001) Administration of green tea to ethanol-treated rats of different ages partly normalized the activity of enzymes and the level of non-enzymatic antioxidants (Khan et al, 2007).…”

“…Furthermore, Organophosphorus insecticides exert their biological effects through electrophilic attack on the cellular constituents of hepatic and brain tissues (Samanta and Chainy, 1995) with simultaneous generation of reactive oxygen species (Sharma et al, 2005). Reactive Oxygen Species have been implicated in hepato and neurotoxicity induced by several organophosphorus (Bagchi et al, 1995;Mansour and Mossa, 2010; and is associated with lipid peroxidation and phospholipids degradation (Mansour and Mossa, 2009). Oxidative stress occurs when the generation of reactive oxygen Species in the body exceeds the ability of the body to neutralize and eliminate them.…”

“…The susceptibility of liver tissues to this stress due to exposure to pesticides is a function of overall balance between the degree of oxidative stress and the antioxidant capacity (Khan et al, 2005). Kidney is one of the targets organs of experimental animals attacked by organophosphorous compounds (Mansour and Mossa, 2010;Sivapiriya et al, 2006).…”

Plasma, erythrocyte membrane bound enzymes and tissue histopathology in male Wistar rats exposed to common insecticides

“…As seen in Table 1, the increase in the body weight of rats in the control group could be attributed to the proper metabolism of dietary intake while the decrease in body weight of the tested groups could be due to pesticide-induced oxidative stress that could have affected various metabolic processes. Pesticides have been shown to cause a decrease in the body weight of rats, [20][21][22] thus the observed weight loss is supported by earlier documentation.…”