Oxidation of CO and Methanol on Pd-Ni Catalysts Supported on Different Chemically-Treated Carbon Nanofibers

Calderón, Juan Carlos; Ráfales, Miguel Rios; Nieto-Monge, María Jesús; Pardo, Juan I.; Moliner, R.; Lázaro, M.J.

doi:10.3390/nano6100187

Cited by 16 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 74 publications

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“…Therefore, transition metal oxides and their composites have attracted considerable attention as electrocatalysts due to their low electrical resistance, low cost, easy preparation, and excellent catalytic activity [15][16][17][18]. From among these metal oxide composites, nickel-based materials are emerging as one of the most promising candidates due to their chemical stability, electrical properties, and the ability to remove intermediate CO ad in alkaline media [19][20][21]. Several researchers have demonstrated that the addition of non-precious metallic materials, complexes, and oxides with nickel-based catalysts has increase catalytic activity and durability [22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fabrication of Metal (Cu and Cr) Incorporated Nickel Oxide Films for Electrochemical Oxidation of Methanol

et al. 2021

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Methanol electrochemical oxidation in a direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC) is considered to be an efficient pathway for generating renewable energy with low pollutant emissions. NiO−CuO and Ni0.95Cr0.05O2+δ thin films were synthesized using a simple dip-coating method and tested for the electro-oxidation of methanol. These synthesized electrocatalysts were characterized by X-ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), and Raman spectroscopy. Different electrochemical techniques were used to investigate the catalytic activity of these prepared electrocatalysts for methanol oxidation, including linear sweep voltammetry (LSV), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and chronoamperometry (CA). In the presence of 0.3 M methanol, the current densities of NiO−CuO and Ni0.95Cr0.05O2+δ thin films were found to be 12.2 mA·cm−2 and 6.5 mA·cm−2, respectively. The enhanced catalytic activity of NiO−CuO and Ni0.95Cr0.05O2+δ thin films may be a result of the synergistic effect between different metal oxides. The Chronoamperometry (CA) results of the mixed metal oxide thin films confirmed their stability in basic media. Furthermore, the findings of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) of mixed metal oxide thin films demonstrated a lower charge transfer resistance as compared to the pure NiO, CuO, and Cr2O3 thin films.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fabrication of Metal (Cu and Cr) Incorporated Nickel Oxide Films for Electrochemical Oxidation of Methanol

et al. 2021

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“…In DMFC, methanol is oxidized to produce H + , e − , and CO 2 according to the reaction formula CH 3 OH + H 2 O CO 2 + 6H + + 6e − . However, carbon–oxygen bonds in methanol are not easy to break, so the methanol electro-oxidation reaction (MOR) on the anode is critical to the overall performance of DMFCs [ 10 , 11 ]. Pt-based alloys are widely used as highly reactive anode catalysts as an important component of DMFCs [ 12 , 13 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

One-Step Microwave-Assisted Synthesis of PtNiCo/rGO Electrocatalysts with High Electrochemical Performance for Direct Methanol Fuel Cells

2021

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Platinum (Pt) is widely used as an activator in direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs). However, the development of Pt catalyst is hindered due to its high cost and CO poisoning. A multi-metallic catalyst is a promising catalyst for fuel cells. We develop a simple and rapid method to synthesize PtNiCo/rGO nanocomposites (NCs). The PtNiCo/rGO NCs catalyst was obtained by microwave-assisted synthesis of graphene oxide (GO) with Pt, Ni, and Co precursors in ethylene glycol (EG) solution after heating for 20 min. The Pt-Ni-Co nanoparticles showed a narrow particle size distribution and were uniformly dispersed on the reduced graphene oxide without agglomeration. Compared with PtNiCo catalyst, PtNiCo/rGO NCs have superior electrocatalytic properties, including a large electrochemical active surface area (ECSA), the high catalytic activity of methanol, excellent anti-toxic properties, and high electrochemical stability. The ECSA can be up to 87.41 m2/g at a scan rate of 50 mV/s. They also have the lowest oxidation potential of CO. These excellent electrochemical performances are attributed to the uniform dispersion of PtNiCo nanoparticles, good conductivity, stability, and large specific surface area of the rGO carrier. The synthesized PtNiCo/rGO nanoparticles have an average size of 17.03 ± 1.93 nm. We also investigated the effect of catalyst material size on electrocatalytic performance, and the results indicate that PtNiCo/rGO NC catalysts can replace anode catalyst materials in fuel cell applications in the future.

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“…Relative to traditional activated carbon, an ACF material has the advantages of larger specific surface area, higher pore size, more stable performance, faster adsorption rate, and larger adsorption capacity. These advantages cause the ACFs to have a wide application potential in wastewater treatment [28,29]. Yu et al [30] optimized and improved a nitric acid oxidation process by using microwaves and sonication.…”

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confidence: 99%

Simultaneous Catalysis of Sulfite Oxidation and Uptake of Heavy Metals by Bifunctional Activated Carbon Fiber in Magnesia Desulfurization

Wang

et al. 2020

Catalysts

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Sulfite and heavy metals are crucial pollutants in the slurry produced by flue gas desulfurization. In this study, a novel cobalt-based activated carbon fiber (Co-ACFs) catalyst-adsorbent was synthesized using an impregnation method; this bifunctional catalyst-adsorbent was used in wet magnesia desulfurization for the simultaneous catalytic oxidation of magnesium sulfite and uptake of heavy metal (Hg 2+ , Cd 2+ , and Ni 2+ ) ions. The morphology and surface chemistry of ACFs before and after cobalt loading were investigated using various characterization methods. The kinetics on catalytic oxidation of magnesium sulfite was investigated, and the effects of operation conditions on the simultaneous adsorption capacity of heavy metals were examined. Relative to a non-catalysis material, the 40% Co-ACFs material increased the oxidation rate of magnesium sulfite by more than five times. The Langmuir model can describe the adsorption behavior of Co-ACFs on Hg 2+ , Cd 2+ , and Ni 2+ , indicating that the simultaneous uptake of heavy metals is a single-layer adsorption process. The maximum adsorption capacities for Hg 2+ , Cd 2+ , and Ni 2+ are 333.3, 500, and 52.6 mg/g, respectively. A pseudo-second-order model confirmed that the removal of heavy metals is controlled by the chemisorption process.Catalysts 2020, 10, 244 2 of 18 oxidation rate of magnesium sulfite, the oxidation is difficult to accomplish in a real desulfurization process. This problem has become the paramount bottleneck of the oxidation enrichment technology. The excessive sulfite might exhaust the dissolved oxygen in the effluent and decomposed into SO 2 , resulting in further environmental risks. Meanwhile, a large number of heavy metal particles are collected in the desulfurization slurry, which can migrate and transform during the desulfurization process. For example, Hg 2+ present in the desulfurized slurry is easily released into the atmospheric environment because the ion is reduced to Hg 0 by sulfite [9][10][11]. Some co-existing Cd 2+ ions may co-crystallize with the saturated magnesium sulfate in the recovered products to cause secondary pollution. Therefore, the simultaneous removal of heavy metals from desulfurized slurries becomes another technical problem for magnesium sulfate recovery.Studies have shown that transition metal ions such as Co 2+ , Mn 2+ , Fe 2+ , and Cu 2+ can be used for improving the oxidation rate of sulfite. Among these ions, Co 2+ exhibits the highest performance in terms of sulfite oxidation [12]. However, separating the homogeneous catalyst from the desulfurization slurry is difficult and the material must be supplemented continuously, thus resulting in a high operation cost and secondary pollution due to the use of magnesium sulfate products. To address this problem, our research group developed a series of cobalt-based heterogeneous catalysts [13-18] by using impregnation, coprecipitation, and hydrothermal synthesis. These catalysts effectively solved the catalyst separation problem. However, a magnesium desulfurizat...

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Oxidation of CO and Methanol on Pd-Ni Catalysts Supported on Different Chemically-Treated Carbon Nanofibers

Cited by 16 publications

References 74 publications

Fabrication of Metal (Cu and Cr) Incorporated Nickel Oxide Films for Electrochemical Oxidation of Methanol

Fabrication of Metal (Cu and Cr) Incorporated Nickel Oxide Films for Electrochemical Oxidation of Methanol

One-Step Microwave-Assisted Synthesis of PtNiCo/rGO Electrocatalysts with High Electrochemical Performance for Direct Methanol Fuel Cells

Simultaneous Catalysis of Sulfite Oxidation and Uptake of Heavy Metals by Bifunctional Activated Carbon Fiber in Magnesia Desulfurization

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