Ovine footrot: New approaches to an old disease

Bennett, Grant; Hickford, Jonathan G. H.

doi:10.1016/j.vetmic.2010.09.003

Cited by 35 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Dichelobacter nodosus , one of the main organisms associated with FR is an anaerobic and fastidious bacterium that colonizes the interdigital epithelial tissue more readily during the wet seasons of spring, fall, and winter. Higher stocking density is also more conducive to heavy infection rates [51]. Crowding and moist bedding conditions could explain the higher FR prevalence in the flock in general during this time period.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…One explanation is that dietary Se status was not the most limiting factor for FR infection in this flock. Footrot is a multifactorial disease [51] and, therefore, the optimal Se supplementation dosage may vary depending on nutritional and management conditions, as well as the sheep’s immune system. Another explanation is that inflammation, and thus progression of foot lesions with marginal Se deficiency, is dampened.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Selenium Supplementation Restores Innate and Humoral Immune Responses in Footrot-Affected Sheep

et al. 2013

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Dietary selenium (Se) alters whole-blood Se concentrations in sheep, dependent upon Se source and dosage administered, but little is known about effects on immune function. We used footrot (FR) as a disease model to test the effects of supranutritional Se supplementation on immune function. To determine the effect of Se-source (organic Se-yeast, inorganic Na-selenite or Na-selenate) and Se-dosage (1, 3, 5 times FDA-permitted level) on FR severity, 120 ewes with and 120 ewes without FR were drenched weekly for 62 weeks with different Se sources and dosages (30 ewes/treatment group). Innate immunity was evaluated after 62 weeks of supplementation by measuring neutrophil bacterial killing ability. Adaptive immune function was evaluated by immunizing sheep with keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH). The antibody titer and delayed-type hypersensitivity skin test to KLH were used to assess humoral immunity and cell-mediated immunity, respectively. At baseline, FR-affected ewes had lower whole-blood and serum-Se concentrations; this difference was not observed after Se supplementation. Se supplementation increased neutrophil bacterial killing percentages in FR-affected sheep to percentages observed in supplemented and non-supplemented healthy sheep. Similarly, Se supplementation increased KLH antibody titers in FR-affected sheep to titers observed in healthy sheep. FR-affected sheep demonstrated suppressed cell-mediated immunity at 24 hours after intradermal KLH challenge, although there was no improvement with Se supplementation. We did not consistently prevent nor improve recovery from FR over the 62 week Se-treatment period. In conclusion, Se supplementation does not prevent FR, but does restore innate and humoral immune functions negatively affected by FR.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selenium Supplementation Restores Innate and Humoral Immune Responses in Footrot-Affected Sheep

et al. 2013

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“…In addition, studies have also shown that the ability of the pathogen to survive in the open air and transmission via contact with soil makes the management of foot rot difficult (Bennett and Hickford, 2011). Furthermore, other disease control measures that have proven to be very effective in reducing the onset and severity of foot rot but however, very expensive and difficult to maintain included selective breeding, quarantine, foot paring with zinc, use of appropriate antibiotics, and vaccination.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical management of foot rot in goats: A case report of lameness

et al. 2017

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Objective: Foot rot is one of the most important causes of lameness and economic losses in sheep and goats world-wide. This case report described the clinical management of lameness due to foot rot in two female Boer goats aging 4-year both from two different farms in Selangor, Malaysia. Materials and methods:The goats were presented with the complaint of nonweight bearing lameness of the right forelimbs. The hoof was broken and the interdigital space was filled with dirt and exuding a foul smelling odor. Results: On clinical examination, the goats were looking as dull and isolated with body condition scores of 2.5/5 (case 1) and 3/5 (case 2), respectively. The goats had a rectal temperature of 38.8°C and 40.4°C, pulse rate of 80 and 100 beats per minutes, and respiratory rate of 44 and 24 cycles per minute, respectively. Blood sample was collected for complete blood count and serum biochemistry from case 1 only. The hoof was thoroughly washed and disinfected. Parenteral administrations of Flunixin meglumine (dosed at 2.2 mg/kg bwt, IM) thrice daily and Oxytetracycline (dosed at 20 mg/kg bwt, IM case 1) once and Sulfadiazine+trimethoprim (dosed at 1 mL/16 kg bwt, IM case 2) for 3 days. Topical oxytetracycline was applied to the area for 5 days. Conclusion: The prognosis was very good as there was a significant improvement in the hoof injury of both animals. The goats were recovered after 7 days of treatment.

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“…Footrot is a contagious bacterial disease that affects the feet of sheep, and it has been reported in many countries [1]. The fastidious and anaerobic bacterium, Dichelobacter nodosus , is the main causative agent of ovine footrot [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and comparison of a real-time PCR assay for detection of Dichelobacter nodosus with culturing and conventional PCR: harmonisation between three laboratories

et al. 2012

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BackgroundOvine footrot is a contagious disease with worldwide occurrence in sheep. The main causative agent is the fastidious bacterium Dichelobacter nodosus. In Scandinavia, footrot was first diagnosed in Sweden in 2004 and later also in Norway and Denmark. Clinical examination of sheep feet is fundamental to diagnosis of footrot, but D. nodosus should also be detected to confirm the diagnosis. PCR-based detection using conventional PCR has been used at our institutes, but the method was laborious and there was a need for a faster, easier-to-interpret method. The aim of this study was to develop a TaqMan-based real-time PCR assay for detection of D. nodosus and to compare its performance with culturing and conventional PCR.MethodsA D. nodosus-specific TaqMan based real-time PCR assay targeting the 16S rRNA gene was designed. The inclusivity and exclusivity (specificity) of the assay was tested using 55 bacterial and two fungal strains. To evaluate the sensitivity and harmonisation of results between different laboratories, aliquots of a single DNA preparation were analysed at three Scandinavian laboratories. The developed real-time PCR assay was compared to culturing by analysing 126 samples, and to a conventional PCR method by analysing 224 samples. A selection of PCR-products was cloned and sequenced in order to verify that they had been identified correctly.ResultsThe developed assay had a detection limit of 3.9 fg of D. nodosus genomic DNA. This result was obtained at all three laboratories and corresponds to approximately three copies of the D. nodosus genome per reaction. The assay showed 100% inclusivity and 100% exclusivity for the strains tested. The real-time PCR assay found 54.8% more positive samples than by culturing and 8% more than conventional PCR.ConclusionsThe developed real-time PCR assay has good specificity and sensitivity for detection of D. nodosus, and the results are easy to interpret. The method is less time-consuming than either culturing or conventional PCR.

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Ovine footrot: New approaches to an old disease

Cited by 35 publications

References 34 publications

Selenium Supplementation Restores Innate and Humoral Immune Responses in Footrot-Affected Sheep

Selenium Supplementation Restores Innate and Humoral Immune Responses in Footrot-Affected Sheep

Clinical management of foot rot in goats: A case report of lameness

Development and comparison of a real-time PCR assay for detection of Dichelobacter nodosus with culturing and conventional PCR: harmonisation between three laboratories

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