Overview On The Epidemiological Situation And The Brucellosis’ Control, Between 1974 -2014, In West Bank, Palestine

Awwad, Elena; Sbeih, Y.; Awwad, O.; Farraj, Mohammad; Essawi, Tamer; Adwan, Kamel; Manasra, Assad; Bărăităreanu, Stelian; Gurău, Maria Rodica; Daneş, Doina

doi:10.15835/buasvmcn-vm:006317

Cited by 5 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…The number of human cases decreased from 837 to <200 in 1998. The rate of reported animal cases decreased from 25 to <10 cases per year following the implementation of the PBCP guidelines (Awwad et al, 2018). The dramatic increase in AAIR from 2013 onwards was markedly linked with impaired control and surveillance of the disease after the closure of the PBCP, and the irregular vaccination campaigns carried out by the Palestinian Ministry of Agriculture PMoA.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A higher risk was reported among animal breeders and people who had consumed unpasteurized milk and milk products, particularly homemade cheese (Awad, 1998). The seroprevalence of brucellosis in livestock in the West Bank in 1999 reached 18% in sheep and goats, with a flock prevalence of 80%, accompanied with more than 800 human cases (Awwad et al, 2018). Several variables, such as the consumption of unpasteurized milk and dairy products, as well as herding and lambing, were identified as significant risk factors (Husseini and Ramlawi, 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Recent trends in human brucellosis in the West Bank, Palestine

Amro

Mansoor²,

Hamarsheh

et al. 2021

International Journal of Infectious Diseases

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To investigate the epidemiology of human brucellosis in the West Bank over the past 20 years, with a focus on recent trends in disease incidence from 2000 to 2020. Methods: A long-term descriptive epidemiological study was conducted, based on the Palestinian Ministry of Health records from 2000 to 2020. Results: The total number of cases was 7935 and the average annual incidence rate (AAIR) was 9.4 cases per 100 000 population. The AAIR ranged from 17.9 in 2000 to 15.7 cases per 100 000 population in 2020. The AAIR decreased markedly from 17.9 in 2000, to 2.9 cases per 100 000 population in 2012. A dramatic increase in cases started from 2013 onwards, reaching a peak in 2016. Higher incidence was reported in males (57.1%) and among the age group 11-20 years (29%). A higher number of cases was reported during April, May, and June. A total of 2850 patients (62.7%) reported contact with animals, and approximately 30% had at least one infected household member. Conclusions: The dramatic increase in human brucellosis in the West Bank was linked to the impaired control and surveillance of the disease. Mass vaccination, regular screenings, raising public health awareness, and monitoring of milk and homemade dairy products represent some recommended precautionary measures for coping with the epidemic.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent trends in human brucellosis in the West Bank, Palestine

Amro

Mansoor²,

Hamarsheh

et al. 2021

International Journal of Infectious Diseases

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show abstract

“…The number of human cases decreased from 837 to < 200 in 1998. The rate of reported animal cases decreased from 25 to < 10 cases/ year since the implementation of the PBCP guidelines [11]. The dramatic increase in AAIR from 2013 onward is markedly linked to impaired control and surveillance of the disease after the closure of the PBCP.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Higher risk was reported among animal breeders and people had consumed unpasteurized milk and milk products, particularly homemade cheese [10]. The seroprevalence of brucellosis in livestock in the West Bank in 1999 underlay 18% in sheep and goats and 80% in ocks with more than 800 human cases [11]. Several variables such as the consumption of unpasteurized milk and dairy products, as well as the herding and lambing were identi ed as signi cant risk factors [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Trends in Human Brucellosis in the West Bank, Palestine

Amro

Mansoor

Hamarsheh

et al. 2021

Preprint

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BackgroundBrucellosis in Palestine continues to be a significant public health problem due to its impact on the human health, as a result of the high prevalence level of infection in livestock especially in sheep and goats. The purpose of this research was to investigate the epidemiology of human brucellosis in the West Bank over the past 20 years with a focus on recent trends in disease incidence from 2010 through 2020. MethodsWe conducted a long-term descriptive epidemiological study based on the Palestinian Ministry of Health records on human brucellosis from 2000-2020.ResultsThe total number of cases reported in this period was 7935 patients and the average annual incidence rate (AAIR) was 9.4 cases/105 population. Hebron was the most endemic among all studied governorates.The AAIR ranged from 17.9 in 2000 to 15.7 cases/105 population in 2020. The AAIR markedly decreased from 17.9 in 2000, to 2.9 cases/ 105 populations in 2012. A dramatic increase in human cases started from 2013 onwards to mark a peak in 2016. Higher incidence was reported in male (57.1%) and among the age group 11-20 years (29%). A higher number of cases was reported during April, May and June with the highest peak recorded in May, and subsequently exhibiting a gradual decline during autumn and winter. 2850 (62.7%) patients reported contact with animals which included 1783 (62.6%) patients who had contact with sheep, 819 (28.7%) with goats, and 248 (8.7%) with cattle.Moreover, (37.2%) of the patients reported raw milk consumption and (80.9%) reported white cheese consumption. Approximately (30%) had at least one infected household member. Diagnosis was based on the clinical picture and confirmed by laboratory tests. Patients were treated with a combination of Streptomycin and Tetracycline, or Tetracycline and Rifampicin. ConclusionsThe incidence of human brucellosis in the West Bank has markedly increased in recent years. This dramatic increase is linked to the impaired control and surveillance of the disease. Mass vaccination, regular screenings of animals for brucellosis, continuous outreach campaigns on raising public health awareness, monitoring milk and homemade dairy products pose some recommended precautionary measures of coping with the epidemic.

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“…Seroprevalence and epidemiology-based studies at the country level can help policymakers to propose a brucellosis eradication program in the country. Brucellosis control and eradication program should be initiated as in Egypt and Palestine (Eltholth et al, 2017;Awwad et al, 2018). In Egypt, two strategies are used.…”

Section: Policy Response and Control Strategiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiosurveillance of Brucella infection in humans, non-ruminants and wildlife from Pakistan perspective (2000-2020)

Akram

Khan

Ali

et al. 2021

J Hellenic Vet Med Soc

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This review aimed at providing an overview of the prevalence and epidemiosurveillance of brucellosis in non-ruminants and humans in Pakistan during 2000-2020. Sero-prevalence of brucellosis has been reported in non-ruminants such as camels, equines, dogs and humans with the range of 0.5-21%, 16.23-62.6%, 9.2-63.8% and 2.0-70% respectively. Non-target species like Avian, reptiles and amphibians were also reported with the prevalence of 2.5%, 24.9% and 25% respectively. Ignorance and indifference make it endemic in ruminants and much-neglected disease in non-ruminants with less or no studies reported in canines. Vaccines are available and being used for ruminants while none is available for non-ruminants, which may serve as an important source of spreading disease in animals and humans. In Pakistan, it is considered as ignored disease in non-ruminants lacking effective policies for control and eradication. This review guides policymakers to draw guidelines regarding brucellosis control and eradication using one health approach.

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Overview On The Epidemiological Situation And The Brucellosis’ Control, Between 1974 -2014, In West Bank, Palestine

Cited by 5 publications

References 2 publications

Recent trends in human brucellosis in the West Bank, Palestine

Recent trends in human brucellosis in the West Bank, Palestine

Recent Trends in Human Brucellosis in the West Bank, Palestine

Epidemiosurveillance of Brucella infection in humans, non-ruminants and wildlife from Pakistan perspective (2000-2020)

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