Overview of three influenza seasons in Georgia, 2014–2017

Machablishvili, Ann; Chakhunashvili, Giorgi; Zakhashvili, Khatuna; Karseladze, Irakli; Tarkhan-Mouravi, Olgha; Gavashelidze, Mari; Jashiashvili, Tamar; Sabadze, Lela; Imnadze, Paata; Daniels, Rodney S.; Ermetal, Burcu; McCauley, John W.

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0201207

Cited by 9 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 26 publications

(27 reference statements)

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“…Both were in winter time. Kurskaya and Machablishvili [3,6] reported that the positive rate of in uenza increased with age, which is consistent with us. Kurskaya and Dong [3,9] also reported that the highest detection rate of in uenza was in winter, Althouse [17] reported that the peak of in uenza appeared in the middle of spring (April to June).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

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Epidemiological characteristics of four common respiratory viral infections in children

Zhu

Zhang

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Abstract Background: Viruses are the main infectious agents of ARIs in children. We aim to describe the epidemiological characteristics of viral pathogens of acute respiratory tract infections in outpatient children. Methods: From April 2018 to March 2019, the results of viral detection in oral pharyngeal swabs in 103 210 children with acute respiratory tract infection in the outpatient department of the Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine were retrospectively analyzed. Viral antigens, including adenovirus (ADV), influenza A (FLUA), influenza B (FLUB) and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) were detected by colloidal gold method. Results: At least one virus was detected in 38 355 cases, and the total positive rate was 37.2%. A total of 1910 cases of mixed infection with two or more viruses were detected, and the positive rate of multiple infection was 1.9%. ADV positive rate was the highest in 3-6-year-old group (18.7%), FLUA positive rate was the highest in >6-year-old group (21.6%), FLUB positive rate was the highest in >6-year-old group (6.6%) and RSV positive rate was the highest in <1-year-old group (10.6%). There was significant difference in the positive rate of viral infection among different age groups, χ2 = 1280.7, P < 0.001. The positive rate of viral infection was the highest in winter (47.1%). ADV infection rate was highest in spring (18.2%). The positive rates of FLUA and FLUB were the highest in winter (28.8% and 3.6%, respectively). The positive rate of RSV was the highest in autumn (17.4%). The positive rate of viral infection in different seasons had significant difference, χ2 = 6459.1, P < 0.001. Conclusions: Viral infection rates in children are different in different ages and seasons. ADV positive rate is the highest in preschool age, RSV positive rate is the highest in infants, and FLU positive rate increases with age. The total positive rate of viral infection in different seasons was the highest in winter. The positive rate of FLU was the highest in winter.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…Respiratory virus is the main cause of infection [2]. Nasopharynx swabs or oropharynx swabs are commonly used as the pathogen detection samples of ARIs [3,5,6]. In this study, the detection of four respiratory viruses (ADV, FLUA, FLUB, and RSV) in oropharyngeal swabs of 103210 children with ARIs was analyzed retrospectively.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiological characteristics of four common respiratory viral infections in children

Zhu

Zhang

et al. 2020

Preprint

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“…[16][17][18] In other countries, this second wave of INF B viruses were also observed in the season. 13 Concerning to the clinical findings, symptoms caused by influenza B virus were remarkably similar to those caused by influenza A virus, and included fever, headache, cough, somnolence, myalgia, abdominal pain, vomiting and conjunctivitis, as observed by other authors. 19,20 We found a higher proportion of males among INF B infections, which also caused more prostration than INF A infections.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 70%

“…12 In three consecutive influenza seasons, other authors detected 48% of influenza in ILI episodes in children and adolescents aged five to 14 years, a similar age range of the present cohort. 13 Additionally, the use of robust diagnostic tests in multiplex platforms enhanced the likelihood of influenza diagnosis due to superior sensitivity of these new assays. 14 It is well established that INF A and INF B co-circulate annually.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influenza A and B in a cohort of outpatient children and adolescent with influenza like-illness during two consecutive influenza seasons

Machado

Souza

Romano

et al. 2020

The Brazilian Journal of Infectious Diseases

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publicly funded repositories, such as the WHO COVID database with rights for unrestricted research re-use and analyses in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for free by Elsevier for as long as the COVID-19 resource centre remains active. braz j infect dis 2 0 2 0;2 4(1):73-80 Outpatient Children Vaccine Lineages Phylogeny Cohort a b s t r a c t Introduction: Influenza is an important cause of morbimortality worldwide. Although people at the extremes of age have a greater risk of complications, influenza has been more frequently investigated in the elderly than in children, and inpatients than outpatients. Yearly vaccination with trivalent or quadrivalent vaccines is the main strategy to control influenza. Objectives: Determine the clinical and molecular characteristics of influenza A and B infections in children and adolescents with influenza-like illness (ILI).Methods: A cohort of outpatient children and adolescents with ILI was followed for 20 months. Influenza was diagnosed with commercial multiplex PCR platforms. Results: 179 patients had 277 episodes of ILI, being 79 episodes of influenza A and 20 episodes of influenza B. Influenza A and B cases were mild and had similar presentation. Phylogenetic tree of influenza B viruses showed that 91.6% belonged to the B/Yamagata lineage, which is not included in trivalent vaccines. Conclusions: Influenza A and B are often detected in children and adolescents with ILI episodes, with similar and mild presentation in outpatients. The mismatch between the circulating influenza viruses and the trivalent vaccine offered in Brazil may have contributed to the high frequency of influenza A and B in this population.

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“…Respiratory viruses are the main cause of infection [2]. Nasopharynx swabs or oropharynx swabs are commonly used for pathogen detection of ARIs [3,7,8] . In this study, the detection of four respiratory viruses (ADV, FLUA, FLUB, and RSV) using oropharyngeal swabs from 103,210 children with ARIs was analyzed retrospectively.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiological characteristics of four common respiratory viral infections in children

Zhu

Zhang

et al. 2020

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Viruses are the main infectious agents of acute respiratory infections (ARIs) in children. We aim to describe the epidemiological characteristics of viral pathogens of acute respiratory tract infections in outpatient children.Methods: From April 2018 to March 2019, the results of viral detection using oral pharyngeal swabs from 103,210 children with acute respiratory tract infection in the outpatient department of the Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, were retrospectively analyzed. Viral antigens, including adenovirus (ADV), influenza A (FLUA), influenza B (FLUB) and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), were detected by the colloidal gold method.Results: At least one virus was detected in 38,355 cases; the positivity rate was 37.2%. A total of 1910 cases of mixed infection with two or more viruses were detected, and the positivity rate of multiple infection was 1.9%. The ADV positivity rate was highest in the 3-6-year-old group (18.7%), the FLUA positivity rate was highest in the >6-year-old group (21.6%), the FLUB positivity rate was highest in the >6-year-old group (6.6%), and the RSV positivity rate was highest in the <1-year-old group (10.6%). There was a significant difference in the positivity rate of viral infection among different age groups (χ2 = 1280.7, P < 0.001). The rate of positive viral infection was highest in winter (47.1%). The ADV infection rate was highest in spring (18.2%). The rates of FLUA and FLUB positivity were highest in winter (28.8% and 3.6%, respectively). The rate of RSV positivity was highest in autumn (17.4%). The rate of positive viral infection in different seasons was significantly different (χ2 = 6459.1, P < 0.001).Conclusions: Viral infection rates in children differ for different ages and seasons. The positivity rate of ADV is highest in the preschool period and that of RSV is highest in infants; that of FLU increases with age. The total positive rate of viral infection in different seasons is highest in winter, as is the rate of FLU positivity.

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Overview of three influenza seasons in Georgia, 2014–2017

Cited by 9 publications

References 26 publications

Epidemiological characteristics of four common respiratory viral infections in children

Epidemiological characteristics of four common respiratory viral infections in children

Influenza A and B in a cohort of outpatient children and adolescent with influenza like-illness during two consecutive influenza seasons

Epidemiological characteristics of four common respiratory viral infections in children

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