Overlapping areas in the motor cortex of the baboon

Minimal synaptic actions of pyrimidal impulses on some alpha motoneurones of the baboon's hand and forearm

“…Single cortical stimuli could evoke discharges from motoneurones of the thenar nerve (cf. thumb-index responses of Liddell & Phillips, 1950, 1951 but with a latency of about 1-0 msec longer. Only with repetitive stimulation at 25 c/s for 3 sec did the latency shorten to 0-8 msec (Bernhard & Bohm, 1954b).…”

Minimal synaptic actions of pyrimidal impulses on some alpha motoneurones of the baboon's hand and forearm

“…Single cortical stimuli could evoke discharges from motoneurones of the thenar nerve (cf. thumb-index responses of Liddell & Phillips, 1950, 1951 but with a latency of about 1-0 msec longer. Only with repetitive stimulation at 25 c/s for 3 sec did the latency shorten to 0-8 msec (Bernhard & Bohm, 1954b).…”

Selective excitation of corticofugal neurones by surface‐anodal stimulation of the baboon's motor cortex

“…Motor responses to focal surface-anodal (S + ) and surface-cathodal (S -) stimulation of cortex In previous mapping experiments on the baboon's brain focal cathodal stimulation was used exclusively (Liddell & Phillips, 1950, 1951. In their pioneer work on the dog, however, Fritsch & Hitzig (1870) were impressed by the superiority of the surface anode, and Livingston & Phillips (1957) found in the cat that in the forelimb region of cortex the surface-anodal motor threshold was generally the lower.…”

Effects of related sensory inputs on motor performances in man studied through changes in perceived heaviness

“…There are many sources of evidence to indicate the close association of thumb and index finger movements in the sensorimotor cortex: from studies of focal epileptic fits (Hughlings Jackson, 1873; Walshe, 1943); from stimulation experiments (e.g. Liddell & Phillips, 1950, 1951; from pyramidal lesions (Laurence & Kuypers, 1968), and from studies of the afferent input to and motor output from cells in the sensorimotor cortex (Doetsch & Gardner, 1972;Rosen & Asanuma, 1972;Lemon & Porter, 1976; see also Goldring & Ratcheson (1972) for comparable data from a study of human motor cortex). The data on sensorimotor cortical cells reported by Doetsch & Gardner (1972; see especially their Fig.…”

Minimal synaptic actions of pyrimidal impulses on some alpha motoneurones of the baboon's hand and forearm

“…Single cortical stimuli could evoke discharges from motoneurones of the thenar nerve (cf. thumb-index responses of Liddell & Phillips, 1950, 1951 but with a latency of about 1-0 msec longer. Only with repetitive stimulation at 25 c/s for 3 sec did the latency shorten to 0-8 msec (Bernhard & Bohm, 1954b).…”

Selective excitation of corticofugal neurones by surface‐anodal stimulation of the baboon's motor cortex

“…Motor responses to focal surface-anodal (S + ) and surface-cathodal (S -) stimulation of cortex In previous mapping experiments on the baboon's brain focal cathodal stimulation was used exclusively (Liddell & Phillips, 1950, 1951. In their pioneer work on the dog, however, Fritsch & Hitzig (1870) were impressed by the superiority of the surface anode, and Livingston & Phillips (1957) found in the cat that in the forelimb region of cortex the surface-anodal motor threshold was generally the lower.…”

Effects of related sensory inputs on motor performances in man studied through changes in perceived heaviness

“…There are many sources of evidence to indicate the close association of thumb and index finger movements in the sensorimotor cortex: from studies of focal epileptic fits (Hughlings Jackson, 1873; Walshe, 1943); from stimulation experiments (e.g. Liddell & Phillips, 1950, 1951; from pyramidal lesions (Laurence & Kuypers, 1968), and from studies of the afferent input to and motor output from cells in the sensorimotor cortex (Doetsch & Gardner, 1972;Rosen & Asanuma, 1972;Lemon & Porter, 1976; see also Goldring & Ratcheson (1972) for comparable data from a study of human motor cortex). The data on sensorimotor cortical cells reported by Doetsch & Gardner (1972; see especially their Fig.…”

Minimal synaptic actions of pyrimidal impulses on some alpha motoneurones of the baboon's hand and forearm

“…Single cortical stimuli could evoke discharges from motoneurones of the thenar nerve (cf. thumb-index responses of Liddell & Phillips, 1950, 1951 but with a latency of about 1-0 msec longer. Only with repetitive stimulation at 25 c/s for 3 sec did the latency shorten to 0-8 msec (Bernhard & Bohm, 1954b).…”

Selective excitation of corticofugal neurones by surface‐anodal stimulation of the baboon's motor cortex

“…Motor responses to focal surface-anodal (S + ) and surface-cathodal (S -) stimulation of cortex In previous mapping experiments on the baboon's brain focal cathodal stimulation was used exclusively (Liddell & Phillips, 1950, 1951. In their pioneer work on the dog, however, Fritsch & Hitzig (1870) were impressed by the superiority of the surface anode, and Livingston & Phillips (1957) found in the cat that in the forelimb region of cortex the surface-anodal motor threshold was generally the lower.…”

Effects of related sensory inputs on motor performances in man studied through changes in perceived heaviness

“…There are many sources of evidence to indicate the close association of thumb and index finger movements in the sensorimotor cortex: from studies of focal epileptic fits (Hughlings Jackson, 1873; Walshe, 1943); from stimulation experiments (e.g. Liddell & Phillips, 1950, 1951; from pyramidal lesions (Laurence & Kuypers, 1968), and from studies of the afferent input to and motor output from cells in the sensorimotor cortex (Doetsch & Gardner, 1972;Rosen & Asanuma, 1972;Lemon & Porter, 1976; see also Goldring & Ratcheson (1972) for comparable data from a study of human motor cortex). The data on sensorimotor cortical cells reported by Doetsch & Gardner (1972; see especially their Fig.…”