Ovarian remnant syndrome and uterine stump pyometra in three queens

Demırel, Mürşide Ayşe; Acar, Duygu Baki

doi:10.1177/1098612x12451373

Cited by 22 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 9 publications

(25 reference statements)

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“…Values have been reported for the mean thickness of the uterus and uterine walls on various days postpartum . Information is also available on the ultrasonographic appearance of pathological conditions . Feline ovaries can also be imaged, and are hypoechoic oval structures located caudolaterally to the respective kidneys.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Digital Radiography, Ultrasonography, and Positive Contrast Vaginourethrography for Determining Reproductive Status of Female Cats

Woodland

Pack

Rist

et al. 2013

Vet Radiology Ultrasound

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It is not always possible to identify female cats that have undergone previous ovariohysterectomy based on physical examination alone. An easy, cost-effective method for screening female cats for reproductive status would be helpful for avoiding unnecessary exploratory laparotomies. The purpose of this prospective study was to compare diagnostic sensitivities of digital radiography, ultrasonography, and positive contrast vaginourethrography for determining reproductive status in female cats. Sixty-seven recently euthanized female cats of unknown medical history and reproductive status were randomly selected and included in the study. Digital abdominal radiography, digital abdominal radiography with compression, abdominal ultrasonography, and positive contrast vaginourethrography were performed in sequence by a board-certified veterinary radiologist and a second-year radiology resident. Immediately following diagnostic imaging procedures, necropsy was performed. Ultrasonography of the uterus had the highest sensitivity (86%) for determining reproductive status of all the imaging modalities tested. The specificity was 88%, and the positive predictive value and negative predictive value were 96% and 68%, respectively. The calculated sensitivities and specificities of other modalities were as follows: digital radiographs (28%, 100%), digital compression radiographs (58%, 100%), and vaginourethrography (32%, 100%). Based on McNemar's test statistic, there was a significant difference in the sensitivity of ultrasound compared to digital radiographs (P ≤ 0.05), compression radiographs (P ≤ 0.05), and vaginourethrogram (P ≤ 0.05). Findings from the current study indicated that ultrasonography is a sensitive diagnostic test for determining reproductive status in female cats. Although more readily available in private practice and shelters, digital radiography and vaginourethrography are not reliable predictors of reproductive status.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Digital Radiography, Ultrasonography, and Positive Contrast Vaginourethrography for Determining Reproductive Status of Female Cats

Woodland

Pack

Rist

et al. 2013

Vet Radiology Ultrasound

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“…ORS is commonly caused by incomplete removal of ovarian tissue, dropping of a thin piece of ovarian tissue into the abdomen, and accidental implantation of ovarian tissue (Ball et al, 2010). Remnant tissue may contain follicles, corpus lutea, luteoma and germ cells (DeNardo et al, 2001) and cats may show clinical signs of oestrus, mild abdominal pain, endometrial hyperplasia and stump pyometra (Wallace, 1991;Demirel and Acar, 2012).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ovarian remnant syndrome after laparoscopic ovariectomy in a cat

Properzi¹,

Boschi²,

Leonardi

2019

J Hellenic Vet Med Soc

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The first case of accidental implantation of ovarian tissue at the port site after laparoscopic ovariectomy in a cat was described. A 2-year-old, spayed female, domestic cat showed recurrent behavioral oestrus signs (vocalization, increased playfulness, and lordosis) four months after laparoscopic ovariectomy. Abdominal ultrasound revealed bilateral endometrial hyperplasia and an inhomogeneous mass attached to the abdominal wall at the port site of previous laparoscopic ovariectomy. Ovarian remnant syndrome was supposed. Diagnostic laparoscopy confirmed the presence of a mass that was 2 cm in diameter and macroscopically similar to ovarian tissue. Laparoscopy was converted to laparotomy to remove the abnormal tissue and the uterus. Histopathological findings showed follicles of various maturation stages in the mass, and confirmed endometrial hyperplasia. Histology underscored that ovarian remnant tissue resumed function. No clinical signs consistent with ovarian remnant syndrome were reported six months after removal of the abnormal tissue. In conclusion, removal of the ovaries through the laparoscopic port site may cause fortuitous ovarian tissue implantation at the abdominal wall in the cat.

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“…The first is related to the fact that queens are induced ovulators, and therefore, the feline uterus is less frequently exposed to progesterone influence [20,24]. The second is related with the habit to neuter queens at younger ages to prevent unwanted pregnancies and heat behavior [15].…”

Section: Epidemiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In queens, pyometra has been described co-existing with other uterine conditions, such as a disorder of sexual development [11], uterine torsion [12], in ovariectomized (but not hysterectomized) cats [13] and in the uterine stump of neutered queens with ovarian remnant syndrome [14,15]. Moreover, several cases of uterine neoplasia associated with pyometra have been reported in queens [16][17][18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proliferative Endometrial Lesions Hidden behind the Feline Pyometra

Pires¹,

Vilhena²,

Miranda³

et al. 2016

Insights From Animal Reproduction

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The literature refers to pyometra as the most important pathology in the feline uterus, which is often associated with cystic endometrial disease cystic endometrial hyperplasia/ pyometra complex or CEH-Pyo . The etiology of pyometra is complex and probably multifactorial, but hormonal influences are suggested to play an important role in the pathogenesis. Progestagen-based contraceptives may be risk factors for the CEH-Pyo syndrome, for endometrial adenocarcinoma and also to mammary tumors in this species.The histopathological descriptions of pyometra include an enlarged uterus containing purulent fluid, variable endometrial infiltration of neutrophils and bacterial colonization. The degree of hyperplasia of endometrial glands is variable, and frequently the endometrium becomes atrophic. The severity of endometritis is variable. Thereby, the type of inflammatory cells infiltrating the uterine wall or lumen varies accordingly and may include neutrophils, macrophages, plasma cells and lymphocytes.The clinical diagnosis of pyometra is often based on the clinical signs and the physical examination, supported by ultrasound findings. The surgical excision of the uterus is the recommended treatment when the animal is not intent for breeding, as most pyometra clinical signs resolve after ovariohysterectomy.Nevertheless, our clinical practice demonstrated that, in cats, pyometra often masks other uterine conditions that may present a worst prognosis and may interfere with the expected outcome. Thus, although seldom requested, the pathological analysis of the uterus with pyometra should be performed following surgery, even if significant macroscopic alterations are not visible, as one frequent finding in pyometra specimens is the co-existence of feline endometrial adenocarcinoma FE" . FE" is usually described as a rare pathology in cats, but recent descriptions suggest that it may be more frequent than thought. Some morphological and clinical features of FE", as well as molecular markers, have been recently described. Moreover, age is not an adequate factor for triage, since some FE" cases were described in young animals, prompting pathologists, clinicians and researchers into this new reality.© 2016 The Author(s). Licensee InTech. This chapter is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.Therefore, this chapter proposes to highlight aspects that reinforce the need for careful observation of all the cases of CEH-Pyo, to exclude the co-existence of FE" that can worsen the prognosis.Keywords: Cat, cystic hyperplasia, endometrial adenocarcinoma, pyometra, queen . IntroductionThe cystic endometrial hyperplasia-pyometra CEH-Pyo complex is the most frequent and important uterine disorder in queens [ ]. Ovarian hormones are considered the main factors in CEH-Pyo complex development, and progesterone is considered the principa...

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Ovarian remnant syndrome and uterine stump pyometra in three queens

Cited by 22 publications

References 9 publications

Comparison of Digital Radiography, Ultrasonography, and Positive Contrast Vaginourethrography for Determining Reproductive Status of Female Cats

Comparison of Digital Radiography, Ultrasonography, and Positive Contrast Vaginourethrography for Determining Reproductive Status of Female Cats

Ovarian remnant syndrome after laparoscopic ovariectomy in a cat

Proliferative Endometrial Lesions Hidden behind the Feline Pyometra

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