Outdoor Thermal Comfort Optimization through Vegetation Parameterization: Species and Tree Layout

Sayad, Bouthaina; Alkama, Djamel; Rebhi, Redha; Menni, Younes; Ahmad, Harith; Sharifpur, Mohsen; Lorenzini, Giulio; Azab, Ehab; Elnaggar, Ashraf Y.

doi:10.3390/su132111791

Cited by 14 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…It's necessary to feel the air movement to really understand how fresh green outdoor places seem. Considering every factor that prevents the airflow in outdoor areas, the size and imposing silhouette of the trees, the sense the draught in summer nearly impossible [34]. Based on this finding, many studies have been done to make it possible for metropolitan areas to feel like the air is moving throughout the summer when researching the physical properties of every type of barrier, including tree position, morphology, and size [35,34].…”

Section: Methods and Methodologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving Pedestrian Thermal Comfort Using Optimized Urban Trees Pattern in Aswan City

Gamal El-Deen,

Fahmy,

Temraz

2024

IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci.

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For long periods last years, the majority of cities suffer from exceptionally hot- dry climate. However, the most urban patterns within these cities are unsuitable for these severe occurrences and raise the value of the Urban Heat Island (UHI). The goal of this study is to see how UHI mitigation options affect outdoor human thermal comfort in three different forms of frequent urban trees patterns in the world’s most populous city in Egypt, Aswan. The ENVI-met model was utilised to assess meteorological using simulation climate program (Ecotect Analysis), buildings and vegetation distribution, using Pupulus Alba. All measurements were taken in a pedestrian walkway at the microclimate case study (case 1. without trees, case 2. distribution trees each 8m total coverage 50%, case 3. distribution trees each 12m total coverage 21.5% were conducted to measure, relative humidity, mean radiant temperature, wind speed, air temperature and prediction mean vote as a key indicator for human thermal comfort. This study provided a better understanding of the role of Urban Heat Island UHI mitigation strategies on human thermal comfort in the outdoor spaces of Aswan’s residential neighborhoods. The simulation results revealed high thermal comfort and discomfort after setting 3 cases for trees pattern for the climate and the possible vegetation (trees patterns). This result indicate that an optimized percentage of urban trees pattern can mitigate (UHI) effect and clear the role that urban trees serve in modifying microclimates.

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Section: Methods and Methodologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving Pedestrian Thermal Comfort Using Optimized Urban Trees Pattern in Aswan City

Gamal El-Deen,

Fahmy,

Temraz

2024

IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci.

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“…Furthermore, the projected shift towards heightened aridity and altered climate seasonality necessitates adaptive measures in urban planning and architectural design to ensure resilience against future climate challenges. Incorporating green infrastructure, such as green roofs and permeable surfaces, can help mitigate the urban heat island effect and improve urban microclimates [70][71][72]. Additionally, promoting energy-efficient building designs and utilizing sustainable materials can contribute to reducing greenhouse gas emissions and mitigating the urban heat island effect [37,[73][74][75].…”

Section: Urban and Architectural Recommendationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analyzing Urban Climatic Shifts in Annaba City: Decadal Trends, Seasonal Variability and Extreme Weather Events

Sayad,

Osra,

Binyaseen

et al. 2024

Atmosphere

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Global warming is one of the most pressing challenges of our time, contributing to climate change effects and with far-reaching implications for built environments. The main aim of this study is to assess the extent to which Annaba city, Algeria, as part of the Mediterranean region, is affected by global climate change and its broader influences. The study investigated climatic shifts in Annaba city, using a multi-step methodology integrating data collection and analysis techniques. Data collection included 23 years of climate data (2000–2023) from Annaba’s meteorological station, on-site measurements of microclimatic variations, and a questionnaire survey. The collected data underwent four main analyses: a time series analysis to describe climate parameters over 23 years, a statistical analysis to predict potential future climatic conditions (2024–2029) and the correlation of various climatic variables using specialized bioclimate tools to highlight seasonal variability, a spatial study of the urban heat island (UHI) phenomenon and perceived climatic shifts, and an analysis of extreme weather events characterizing heat atmospheric events in the context of urban climate change in the Mediterranean region. The findings revealed a consistent warming trend in Annaba city, with prolonged extreme climate conditions observed, particularly in the last four years (2020–2023). Significant temperature fluctuations were emphasized, notably in July 2023, with record-breaking maximum temperatures reaching 48.2 °C, the hottest on record with an increase of 3.8 °C, and presenting challenges amplified by the urban heat island effect, causing temperature differentials of up to 6 °C within built-up areas. Projections for 2029 suggest a tendency towards heightened aridity with a significant shift towards a new climate seasonality featuring two distinct main seasons—moderate and hot challenging. The abrupt disruption of calm weather conditions in Annaba on 24 July 2023 highlighted the influence of atmospheric circulation within the Mediterranean region featured for both anticyclones and atmospheric blocking phenomena on local weather patterns.

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“…Nonetheless, none of these studies have directly investigated the impact of these strategies on the OTC. However, research focused on street trees [41,[48][49][50]. It has been emphasized that street trees can reduce mean radiant temperature (Tmrt) and (Ta), especially in wide canyons, and enhance the OTC in two fundamental aspects: shading and evapotranspiration [25].…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Street Asymmetry, Albedo, and Shading on Pedestrian Outdoor Thermal Comfort in Hot Desert Climates

Necira,

Matallah,

Bouzaher

et al. 2024

Sustainability

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Improving urban walkability in the face of climate change is a critical challenge for urban designers. Street design strategies can mitigate heat stress and enhance pedestrian livability. Most previous studies conducted in hot climates recommend adopting deep canyons to improve summer conditions, overlooking the potential improvement of wide streets as essential structural elements of the urban fabric. This study was conducted in Biskra city, southern Algeria, where several mitigation strategies were applied to ‘Emir Abdelkader Boulevard’, as the main structural street inside the city, to create an optimal street model for arid climates. Five scenarios were developed based on three criteria: (Sc1) asymmetric profile northeast side (NES) > southwest side (SWS); (Sc2) asymmetric profile SWS > NES; (Sc3) cool paving; (Sc4) horizontal shading; and(Sc5) shading with a linear tree arrangement. ENVI-met software version 5.1.1 and the RayMan model were used to estimate the local climate conditions and outdoor thermal comfort levels based on the physiological equivalent temperature (PET). All scenarios reduced PET values across the street, with optimal reductions of −2.0 °C, −3.1 °C, −1.3 °C, −1.7 °C, and −1.2 °C in Sc1, Sc2, Sc3, Sc4, and Sc5, respectively. Concerning pedestrian areas, the optimal results durations were at the southwest side below the arcades’ sidewalks during peak hours: Sc2, Sc3, Sc4, Sc5 (2.2 °C–3 H, 2.3 °C–3 H, 2.4 °C–3 H, 2.5 °C–2 H). Sc1 performed best during daytime hours on the northeast side. The utilizing of these results can strongly help urban planners and landscape architects in creating climate-responsive streets that enhance citizens’ quality of life.

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Outdoor Thermal Comfort Optimization through Vegetation Parameterization: Species and Tree Layout

Cited by 14 publications

References 35 publications

Improving Pedestrian Thermal Comfort Using Optimized Urban Trees Pattern in Aswan City

Improving Pedestrian Thermal Comfort Using Optimized Urban Trees Pattern in Aswan City

Analyzing Urban Climatic Shifts in Annaba City: Decadal Trends, Seasonal Variability and Extreme Weather Events

Effect of Street Asymmetry, Albedo, and Shading on Pedestrian Outdoor Thermal Comfort in Hot Desert Climates

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