Outcome of avalanche victims with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest

Moroder, Luca; Mair, Birgit; Brugger, Hermann; Voelckel, Wolfgang G.; Mair, Peter

doi:10.1016/j.resuscitation.2015.01.019

Cited by 31 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 24 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…the burial time of patient 1 before CPR starts–of 35 min, the survival chances of patient 1 reduce to zero [18]. The chances of patient 2 increase with time, starting at 31% (Fig 7C).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

A concept for optimizing avalanche rescue strategies using a Monte Carlo simulation approach

Reiweger

Genswein²,

Paal

et al. 2017

PLoS ONE

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Recent technical and strategical developments have increased the survival chances for avalanche victims. Still hundreds of people, primarily recreationists, get caught and buried by snow avalanches every year. About 100 die each year in the European Alps–and many more worldwide. Refining concepts for avalanche rescue means to optimize the procedures such that the survival chances are maximized in order to save the greatest possible number of lives. Avalanche rescue includes several parameters related to terrain, natural hazards, the people affected by the event, the rescuers, and the applied search and rescue equipment. The numerous parameters and their complex interaction make it unrealistic for a rescuer to take, in the urgency of the situation, the best possible decisions without clearly structured, easily applicable decision support systems. In order to analyse which measures lead to the best possible survival outcome in the complex environment of an avalanche accident, we present a numerical approach, namely a Monte Carlo simulation. We demonstrate the application of Monte Carlo simulations for two typical, yet tricky questions in avalanche rescue: (1) calculating how deep one should probe in the first passage of a probe line depending on search area, and (2) determining for how long resuscitation should be performed on a specific patient while others are still buried. In both cases, we demonstrate that optimized strategies can be calculated with the Monte Carlo method, provided that the necessary input data are available. Our Monte Carlo simulations also suggest that with a strict focus on the "greatest good for the greatest number", today's rescue strategies can be further optimized in the best interest of patients involved in an avalanche accident.

show abstract

“…the burial time of patient 1 before CPR starts–of 35 min, the survival chances of patient 1 reduce to zero [18]. The chances of patient 2 increase with time, starting at 31% (Fig 7C).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[15], the values of the parameter a = f ( t burial, patient1 ) as a function of the initial burial time of patient 1 as well as the chosen values for the initial burial time are based on the data presented by Moroder et al . [18]. The survival probability of patient 2, p 2 , is calculated based on the curve in Fig 3 [10].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A concept for optimizing avalanche rescue strategies using a Monte Carlo simulation approach

Reiweger

Genswein²,

Paal

et al. 2017

PLoS ONE

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Of these, only two were discharged with a favourable neurological outcome. All five survivors had burial times <20 min 15. In 2014, Boue et al 16 reviewed 48 avalanche victims who were admitted to intensive care after suffering on-scene cardiac arrest, documenting a mortality rate of 83.3% with eight survivors of which only three were discharged from hospital with a favourable neurological outcome.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As depicted by the avalanche survival curve, the majority of deaths occur within the first half hour of burial and are thought to represent complete airway occlusion from avalanche debris obstructing the airway 7 9. Cessation of respiration will result in cardiac arrest within approximately 10 min 15. In a systematic review of avalanche case-control studies and case series, there were no reported survivors among those buried with an obstructed airway for longer than 35 min 17.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

The prehospital management of avalanche victims

Kornhall

Martens-Nielsen

2015

J R Army Med Corps

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Avalanche accidents are frequently lethal events with an overall mortality of 23%. Mortality increases dramatically to 50% in instances of complete burial. With modern day dense networks of ambulance services and rescue helicopters, health workers often become involved during the early stages of avalanche rescue. Historically, some of the most devastating avalanche accidents have involved military personnel. Armed forces are frequently deployed to mountain regions in order to train for mountain warfare or as part of ongoing conflicts. Furthermore, military units are frequently called to assist civilian organised rescue in avalanche rescue operations. It is therefore important that clinicians associated with units operating in mountain regions have an understanding of, the medical management of avalanche victims, and of the preceding rescue phase. The ensuing review of the available literature aims to describe the pathophysiology particular to avalanche victims and to outline a structured approach to the search, rescue and prehospital medical management.The most frightening enemy was nature itself…. entire platoons were hit, smothered, buried without a trace, without a cry, with no other sound than the one made by the gigantic white mass itself.

show abstract

Kreislaufstillstand unter besonderen Umständen

Lott

Truhlář

Alfonzo

et al. 2021

Notfall Rettungsmed

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Diese Leitlinien des European Resuscitation Council (ERC) für den Kreislaufstillstand unter besonderen Umständen basieren auf dem 2020 International Consensus on Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Science with Treatment Recommendations. Dieses Kapitel enthält Leitlinien zu den Modifikationen der lebensrettenden Basismaßnahmen und erweiterten lebensrettenden Maßnahmen zur Vorbeugung und Behandlung von Kreislaufstillständen unter besonderen Umständen; insbesondere spezielle Ursachen (Hypoxie, Trauma, Anaphylaxie, Sepsis, Hypo‑/Hyperkaliämie und andere Elektrolytstörungen, Hypothermie, Lawinengeschehen, Hyperthermie und maligne Hyperthermie, Lungenembolie, Koronarthrombose, Herzbeuteltamponade, Spannungspneumothorax, Giftstoffe), spezielle Umstände (Operationssaal, Herzchirurgie, Herzkatheterlabor, Dialyseeinheit, Zahnkliniken, Transport während des Flugs, Kreuzfahrtschiffe, Sport, Ertrinken, Großschadensereignisse) und spezielle Patientengruppen (Asthma und chronisch obstruktive Lungenerkrankung, neurologische Erkrankungen, krankhafte Adipositas, Schwangerschaft). Zusatzmaterial online Die Online-Version dieses Beitrags (10.1007/s10049-021-00891-z) enthält das originale Zusatzmaterial aus dem Artikel in Resuscitation. Beitrag und Zusatzmaterial stehen Ihnen auf www.springermedizin.de zur Verfügung. Bitte geben Sie dort den Beitragstitel in die Suche ein, das Zusatzmaterial finden Sie beim Beitrag unter „Ergänzende Inhalte“.

show abstract

Outcome of avalanche victims with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest

Cited by 31 publications

References 24 publications

A concept for optimizing avalanche rescue strategies using a Monte Carlo simulation approach

A concept for optimizing avalanche rescue strategies using a Monte Carlo simulation approach

The prehospital management of avalanche victims

Kreislaufstillstand unter besonderen Umständen

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About