Osteopontin, CCL5 and CXCL9 are independently associated with psoriasis, regardless of the presence of obesity

Abstract

Psoriasis is an autoimmune disease associated with the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines. The identification of these molecules in the pathogenesis of psoriasis facilitated the use of monoclonal antibodies to block their actions as a treatment for severe psoriasis. An increased inflammatory response has been documented in patients with obesity, a condition that is associated with the occurrence and severity of psoriasis. Osteopontin (OPN), TNF and CXCL9 levels are enhanced in patients with psoriasis, although OPN has been documented in the adipose tissue of obese patients without psoriasis. The prevalence of obesity is much higher in psoriasis patients compared with the general population. Thus, we aimed to evaluate the relationship between cytokine levels and psoriasis in the context of obesity. We compared OPN and CXCL9 plasma levels among 117 psoriasis patients and 27 healthy body mass index-matched subjects using ELISA. We also analyzed the TNF, CCL2 and CCL5 levels in a smaller subgroup of patients and matched controls. Median OPN, CCL5 and CXCL9 levels were significantly higher in psoriasis patients compared with the controls, independent of obesity. There was no difference between the median CCL2 levels in the psoriasis patients and the controls (P<0.05), although the CCL2 levels were elevated in obese patients compared with non-obese psoriasis patients (P<0.001). Facial involvement and the psoriasis area severity index (PASI) score were not associated (P<0.05) with OPN levels or elevated levels of chemokines. There was no significant correlation between the OPN and CXCL9 levels or the OPN and TNF levels in psoriasis patients. This work confirms that OPN, CCL5 and CXCL9 plasma levels are higher in psoriasis patients and provides evidence that their higher levels are not a consequence of obesity. Furthermore, the results demonstrate that OPN production is independent of TNF-α and CXCL9.

Serum concentration of osteopontin and interleukin 17 in psoriatic patients

“…What is more, OPN concentration did not significantly differ between the group of patients with mild psoriasis and the group with moderate or severe disease severity (p = 0.713). Similar results were obtained by other authors who did not find a relationship between plasma OPN concentration and PASI value 16,21,24,[28][29][30] either. However, different data was presented by Kadry et al, who showed a positive correlation between plasma OPN concentration and the clinical severity of psoriasis.…”

A network-based method using a random walk with restart algorithm and screening tests to identify novel genes associated with Menière's disease

“…Three chemokines encoding genes have also been predicted as MD-related genes by our network-based method. CCL2 (ENSP00000225831) , as a functional chemokine that attracts monocyte and basophils, has been widely reported to participate in monocyte proliferation associated disease, such as psoriasis and rheumatoid arthritis [ 93 , 94 ]. Although the gene CCL2 has no direct relationship with MD, a publication confirmed that the distribution and proliferation of monocytes are regulated by CCL2.…”

“…For another chemokine-associated gene, CXCL9 (ENSP00000354901) , which has been widely reported to participate in the regulation of cell growth, movement or activation status was also identified as an inferred gene for MD [ 98 – 100 ]. Similar to CCL2, CXCL9 has been reported to participate in monocyte proliferation associated disease, including psoriasis [ 93 ]. CXCL9, as a specific monocyte-associated gene, may also participate in MD in a similar way to CCL2, as we analyzed above.…”

Association between obesity and adipokines levels in saliva and gingival crevicular fluid: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

“…Adipokines are a group of cytokines produced by the adipose tissue and involved in energy control, insulin sensitivity, and immune‐inflammatory responses . Inflammatory mediators, such as tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α), interleukin (IL) 6, and CC chemokine ligand 2/monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP) 1, have been assigned to the group of adipokines as a consequence of the inflammatory characteristic of obesity, as well as the expression of these cytokines in adipose tissue . Initially restricted to metabolic activities, adipokines are now considered a group of heterogeneous molecules broadly involved in physiological and pathological responses .…”