Osteogenic Matrix Cell Sheets Facilitate Osteogenesis in Irradiated Rat Bone

Abstract

Reconstruction of large bone defects after resection of malignant musculoskeletal tumors is a significant challenge in orthopedic surgery. Extracorporeal autogenous irradiated bone grafting is a treatment option for bone reconstruction. However, nonunion often occurs because the osteogenic capacity is lost by irradiation. In the present study, we established an autogenous irradiated bone graft model in the rat femur to assess whether osteogenic matrix cell sheets improve osteogenesis of the irradiated bone. Osteogenic matrix cell sheets were prepared from bone marrow-derived stromal cells and co-transplanted with irradiated bone. X-ray images at 4 weeks after transplantation showed bridging callus formation around the irradiated bone. Micro-computed tomography images at 12 weeks postoperatively showed abundant callus formation in the whole circumference of the irradiated bone. Histology showed bone union between the irradiated bone and host femur. Mechanical testing showed that the failure force at the irradiated bone site was significantly higher than in the control group. Our study indicates that osteogenic matrix cell sheet transplantation might be a powerful method to facilitate osteogenesis in irradiated bones, which may become a treatment option for reconstruction of bone defects after resection of malignant musculoskeletal tumors.

Adipose-derived stem cell sheets accelerate bone healing in rat femoral defects

“…In particular, in the field of bone regeneration, previous studies have mainly utilized several MSCs including BMSCs, ADSCs, periodontal ligament progenitor cells, and periosteum-derived stem cells [31]. Among these MSCs, although there are more reports on bone defect repair using BMSCs than ADSCs [19,20,32], the use of ADSCs offers some obvious advantage. First, adipose tissue can be harvested with less invasion [12,13]; e.g., there was almost no blood loss when we harvested adipose tissue from the inguinal region of the rat.…”

A Concise Review on the Use of Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Cell Sheet-Based Tissue Engineering with Special Emphasis on Bone Tissue Regeneration

“…A similar study by Gao et al, who used bone marrow stromal cell sheets assembled with tubular coral scaffolds for long bone regeneration in a mouse model, supported these findings [ 51 ]. In addition, when a similar wrapping technique was applied with MSC sheets to structural allografts for segmental bone regeneration, it was possible to repopulate the bone allografts with MSCs and obtain a viable bone construct [ 46 , 50 , 81 ].…”

Different Bone Healing Effects of Undifferentiated and Osteogenic Differentiated Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Sheets in Canine Radial Fracture Model

“…Pins have been used as an internal fixation material in studies for evaluation of effect of cell sheets on bone regeneration because more rigid fixation such as plates and screws could not be applied in experimental animals such as mice, rats and rabbits [15,[17][18][19][22][23][24]. The bone healing pathway by unstable fixation like pins is expected to be secondary bone healing due to cartilaginous callus formation however there is no primary bone healing through intramembranous ossification [25].…”